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What ‘psychological warfare’ tactics do scammers use, and how can you protect yourself?

<p><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/mike-johnstone-106590">Mike Johnstone</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/edith-cowan-university-720">Edith Cowan University</a> and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/georgia-psaroulis-1513050">Georgia Psaroulis</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/edith-cowan-university-720">Edith Cowan University</a></em></p> <p>Not a day goes by without a headline <a href="https://www.vice.com/en/article/qjvaym/people-share-worst-scam-stories">about a victim being scammed</a> and losing money. We are constantly warned about new scams and staying safe from cybercriminals. Scamwatch has <a href="https://www.scamwatch.gov.au/research-and-resources/tools-resources/online-resources/spot-the-scam-signs">no shortage of resources</a>, too.</p> <p>So why are people still getting scammed, and sometimes spectacularly so?</p> <p>Scammers use sophisticated psychological techniques. They exploit our deepest human vulnerabilities and bypass rational thought to tap into our emotional responses.</p> <p>This “<a href="https://www.thecut.com/article/amazon-scam-call-ftc-arrest-warrants.html">psychological warfare</a>” coerces victims into making impulsive decisions. Sometimes scammers spread their methods around many potential victims to see who is vulnerable. Other times, criminals focus on a specific person.</p> <p>Let’s unpack some of these psychological techniques, and how you can defend against them.</p> <h2>1. Random phone calls</h2> <p>Scammers start with small requests to establish a sense of commitment. After agreeing to these minor requests, we are more likely to comply with larger demands, driven by a desire to act consistently.</p> <p>The call won’t come from a number in your contacts or one you recognise, but the scammer may pretend to be someone you’ve engaged to work on your house, or perhaps one of your children using a friend’s phone to call you.</p> <p>If it is a scammer, maybe keeping you on the phone for a long time gives them an opportunity to find out things about you or people you know. They can use this info either immediately or at a later date.</p> <h2>2. Creating a sense of urgency</h2> <p>Scammers fabricate scenarios that require immediate action, like claiming a bank account is at risk of closure or an offer is about to expire. This tactic aims to prevent victims from assessing the situation logically or seeking advice, pressuring them into rushed decisions.</p> <p>The scammer creates an artificial situation in which you are frightened into doing something you wouldn’t ordinarily do. Scam calls <a href="https://theconversation.com/we-have-filed-a-case-under-your-name-beware-of-tax-scams-theyll-be-everywhere-this-eofy-162171">alleging to be from the Australian Tax Office</a> (ATO) are a great example. You have a debt to pay (apparently) and things will go badly if you don’t pay <em>right now</em>.</p> <p>Scammers play on your emotions to provoke reactions that cloud judgement. They may threaten legal trouble to instil fear, promise high investment returns to exploit greed, or share fabricated distressing stories to elicit sympathy and financial assistance.</p> <h2>3. Building rapport with casual talk</h2> <p>Through extended conversation, scammers build a psychological commitment to their scheme. No one gets very far by just demanding your password, but it’s natural to be friendly with people who are friendly towards us.</p> <p>After staying on the line for long periods of time, the victim also becomes cognitively fatigued. This not only makes the victim more open to suggestions, but also isolates them from friends or family who might recognise and counteract the scam.</p> <h2>4. Help me to help you</h2> <p>In this case, the scammer creates a situation where they help you to solve a real or imaginary problem (that they actually created). They work their “IT magic” and the problem goes away.</p> <p>Later, they ask you for something you wouldn’t normally do, and you do it because of the “social debt”: they helped you first.</p> <p>For example, a hacker might attack a corporate network, causing it to slow down. Then they call you, pretending to be from your organisation, perhaps as a recent hire not yet on the company’s contact list. They “help” you by turning off the attack, leaving you suitably grateful.</p> <p>Perhaps a week later, they call again and ask for sensitive information, such as the CEO’s password. You <em>know</em> company policy is to not divulge it, but the scammer will ask if you remember them (of course you do) and come up with an excuse for why they really need this password.</p> <p>The balance of the social debt says you will help them.</p> <h2>5. Appealing to authority</h2> <p>By posing as line managers, officials from government agencies, banks, or other authoritative bodies, scammers exploit our natural tendency to obey authority.</p> <p>Such scams operate at varying levels of sophistication. The simple version: your manager messages you with an <em>urgent</em> request to purchase some gift cards and send through their numbers.</p> <p>The complex version: your manager calls and asks to urgently transfer a large sum of money to an account you don’t recognise. You do this because <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/fraudsters-use-ai-to-mimic-ceos-voice-in-unusual-cybercrime-case-11567157402">it sounds exactly</a> like your manager on the phone – but the scammer <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/thomasbrewster/2021/10/14/huge-bank-fraud-uses-deep-fake-voice-tech-to-steal-millions/?sh=1329b80e7559">is using a voice deepfake</a>. In a recent major case in Hong Kong, such a scam even involved a <a href="https://edition.cnn.com/2024/02/04/asia/deepfake-cfo-scam-hong-kong-intl-hnk/index.html">deepfake video call</a>.</p> <p>This is deeply challenging because artificial intelligence tools, such as Microsoft’s VALL-E, can create <a href="https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2023/01/microsofts-new-ai-can-simulate-anyones-voice-with-3-seconds-of-audio/">a voice deepfake</a> using just three seconds of sampled audio from a real person.</p> <h2>How can you defend against a scam?</h2> <p>First and foremost, <strong>verify identity</strong>. Find another way to contact the person to verify who they are. For example, you can call a generic number for the business and ask to be connected.</p> <p>In the face of rampant voice deepfakes, it can be helpful to <strong>agree on a “safe word” with your family members</strong>. If they call from an unrecognised number and you don’t hear the safe word just hang up.</p> <p>Watch out for <strong>pressure tactics</strong>. If the conversation is moving too fast, remember that someone else’s problem is not yours to solve. Stop and run the problem past a colleague or family member for a sanity check. A legitimate business will have no problem with you doing this.</p> <p>Lastly, if you are not sure about even the slightest detail, the simplest thing is to hang up or not respond. If you really owe a tax debt, the ATO will write to you.<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/223959/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https://theconversation.com/republishing-guidelines --></p> <p><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/mike-johnstone-106590"><em>Mike Johnstone</em></a><em>, Security Researcher, Associate Professor in Resilient Systems, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/edith-cowan-university-720">Edith Cowan University</a> and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/georgia-psaroulis-1513050">Georgia Psaroulis</a>, Postdoctoral research fellow, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/edith-cowan-university-720">Edith Cowan University</a></em></p> <p><em>Image credits: Shutterstock</em></p> <p><em>This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/what-psychological-warfare-tactics-do-scammers-use-and-how-can-you-protect-yourself-223959">original article</a>.</em></p>

Money & Banking

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How to protect yourself from cyber-scammers over the festive period

<p><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/rachael-medhurst-1408437">Rachael Medhurst</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-south-wales-1586">University of South Wales</a></em></p> <p>The festive season is a time for joy, family and festive cheer. However, it’s also a prime target for cybercriminals. As online shopping ramps up, so does the risk of falling prey to cyber-attacks. That’s why it’s crucial to be extra vigilant about your <a href="https://blog.tctg.co.uk/12-cyber-security-tips-of-christmas">cybersecurity</a> during this time.</p> <p>Here are some essential tips to safeguard yourself and your data during the festive period:</p> <h2>Phishing</h2> <p>Phishing is when criminals use scam emails, text messages or phone calls to trick their victims. Their <a href="https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/collection/phishing-scams">goal</a> is often to make you visit a certain website, which may download a virus on to your computer, or steal bank details or other personal data.</p> <p>This type of scam tends to <a href="https://www.egress.com/blog/phishing/holiday-phishing-scam-guide">increase</a> at this time due to the amount of people having bought or received new gadgets and technology.</p> <p>Look out for there being no direct reference to your name in any communications, with wording such as “Dear Sir/Madam” or other terms such as “valued customer” being used instead. Grammar and spelling mistakes are also often present.</p> <p>Be wary of any suspicious links or attachments within emails too, and don’t click them. It’s better to contact the company directly to check if the message is genuine. You can also <a href="https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/collection/phishing-scams">report</a> suspicious messages and phishing scams to the government’s National Cyber Security Centre.</p> <h2>Shopping safely online</h2> <p>The convenience of online shopping is undeniable, especially during the festive season. However, it’s crucial to prioritise your security when buying online.</p> <p>Before entering your personal and financial information on any website, ensure it’s legitimate and secure. Look for the “https” in the address bar and a <a href="https://theconversation.com/the-vast-majority-of-us-have-no-idea-what-the-padlock-icon-on-our-internet-browser-is-and-its-putting-us-at-risk-216581">padlock</a> icon, which indicates a secure and encrypted connection.</p> <p>When creating passwords for online shopping accounts, use strong, unique combinations of letters, numbers and symbols. Avoid using the same password for multiple accounts, as a breach on one site could compromise all your others.</p> <p>As with shopping in the real world, be cautious when encountering offers that are significantly below usual prices or which make extravagant promises. Always conduct thorough research on the seller and product before making a purchase. If a deal seems too good to be true, it probably is.</p> <p>And if you are out shopping in towns or city centres, there will often be a large number of public wifi options available to you. However, criminals can intercept the data that is transferred across such open and unsecured wifi. So, avoid using public wifi where possible, especially when conducting any financial transactions.</p> <h2>Social media</h2> <p>While social media platforms provide people with a means to keep in touch with family and friends over the festive period, they are often a goldmine for <a href="https://www.which.co.uk/consumer-rights/advice/how-to-spot-a-social-media-scam-aMtwF3u1XKGt">scams</a> and malware (software designed to disrupt, damage or gain unauthorised access to a computer). In the spirit of the festive season, people often share an abundance of personal information on social media, often without considering the potential consequences.</p> <p>This trove of data can make people vulnerable to cyber-attacks. Scammers can exploit this information to gain unauthorised access to social media accounts, steal personal information, or even commit identity theft. To protect yourself, be mindful of what you share.</p> <p>Be wary when interacting with posts and direct messages, especially if they contain suspicious links or attachments. Before clicking on anything, hover over the link to verify its destination. If it shows a website you don’t recognise or seems unrelated to the message, do not click on it. If you receive a message from someone you know but the content seems strange or out of character, contact them directly through a trusted channel to verify its authenticity.</p> <p>Likewise, be wary of messages containing urgent requests for money or personal information from businesses. Genuine organisations will never solicit sensitive details through social media.</p> <p>There are many buy and sell platforms available on social media. But while such platforms can be a great place to find a unique gift, it is also important to remember that not all sellers may be legitimate. So, it’s vital that you don’t share your bank details. If the seller sends a link to purchase the item, do not use it. When meeting to collect an item, it’s generally safer to use cash rather than transferring funds electronically.</p> <figure><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/aO858HyFbKI?wmode=transparent&amp;start=0" width="440" height="260" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe><figcaption><span class="caption">Advice for staying safe online.</span></figcaption></figure> <h2>Package delivery scams</h2> <p>As well as being a time for giving and receiving gifts, the festive season is also ripe for cybercriminals to exploit the excitement surrounding <a href="https://www.citizensadvice.org.uk/about-us/about-us1/media/press-releases/scams-linked-to-parcel-deliveries-come-top-in-2023/">package deliveries</a>.</p> <p>Scammers often pose as legitimate delivery companies, sending emails or text messages claiming that a delivery attempt was unsuccessful or requiring additional fees for processing, or even customs clearance. Typically, these messages contain links or phone numbers that, when clicked or called, lead to fake websites or automated phone systems designed to collect personal information or payments.</p> <p>To protect yourself, always verify the legitimacy of any delivery notifications you receive. Check the sender’s email address or phone number against the official contact information for the delivery company. If the information doesn’t match or seems suspicious, don’t click any links or provide personal details.</p> <p>Legitimate delivery companies will never ask for upfront payment or sensitive information through unsolicited messages or calls.</p> <p>Remember, cybercriminals are skilled at manipulating the festive spirit to their advantage. Stay vigilant, exercise caution, and don’t let your excitement for gifts and deliveries compromise your cybersecurity.<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/218294/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https://theconversation.com/republishing-guidelines --></p> <p><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/rachael-medhurst-1408437"><em>Rachael Medhurst</em></a><em>, Course Leader and Senior Lecturer in Cyber Security NCSA, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-south-wales-1586">University of South Wales</a></em></p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images </em></p> <p><em>This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/how-to-protect-yourself-from-cyber-scammers-over-the-festive-period-218294">original article</a>.</em></p>

Money & Banking

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How scammers use psychology to create some of the most convincing internet cons – and what to watch out for

<p><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/stacey-wood-473147"><em>Stacey Wood</em></a><em>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/scripps-college-2153">Scripps College</a> and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/yaniv-hanoch-1341108">Yaniv Hanoch</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-southampton-1093">University of Southampton</a></em></p> <p><a href="https://www.experian.co.uk/blogs/latest-thinking/fraud-prevention/cybercrime-fraud-most-common-crime-uk/">Online fraud is today’s most common crime</a>. Victims are often told they are foolish for falling for it, but fraudsters use psychological mechanisms to infiltrate the defences of their targets, regardless of how intelligent they are.</p> <p>So it’s important to keep up with the latest scams and understand how they work.</p> <p>Recently, consumer protection magazine Which? <a href="https://www.which.co.uk/news/article/the-4-most-convincing-scams-weve-seen-in-2023-so-far-a7bRP9s0KJvG">identified some of the most convincing scams of 2023</a>. These scams all have one thing in common – they insidiously take advantage of people’s cognitive biases and psychological blind spots.</p> <p>They included “pig butchering” a way of fattening up victims with affection, the missing person scam which involves posting fake content on social media pages, the traditional PayPal scam, and a new scam called the “fake app alert” in which malware is hidden on apps that look legitimate.</p> <h2>Pig butchering</h2> <p>In our work as fraud psychology researchers we have noticed a trend towards hybrid scams, which combine different types of fraud. Hybrid scams often involve crypto investments and <a href="https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-fraud-crisis/202210/new-scams-committed-forced-trafficked-labor">sometimes use trafficked labour</a> In the US alone, <a href="https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/springfield/news/internet-crime-complaint-center-releases-2022-statistics">the FBI recently reported</a> that people lost US $3.3 billion (£2.6 billion) in 2023 to investment fraud.</p> <p>Pig butchering is a long-term deception. <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2023/05/02/pig-butchering-scammers-make-billions-convincing-victims-of-love.html">This type of scam</a> combines elements of <a href="https://www.actionfraud.police.uk/a-z-of-fraud/romance-scams">romance scams</a> with an investment con. The name comes from the strategy of <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/money/2023/may/22/dating-cons-and-dodgy-apps-among-most-common-scams-says-uk-watchdog">“fattening up” a victim with affection before slaughter</a>.</p> <p>It will usually begin with <a href="https://www.which.co.uk/policy-and-insight/article/pig-butchering-among-most-convincing-scams-of-2023-so-far-which-warns-aDRtr4I1UT1R">standard scam approach like a text</a>, social media message, or an introduction at a job board site.</p> <p>Victims may have their guard up at first. However, these scams can unfold over months, with the scammer slowly gaining the victims’ trust and initiating a romantic relationship all the while learning about their vulnerabilities.</p> <p>For example, details of their financial situation, job stresses, and dreams about the life they want. Romance scammers often saturate their targets with affection and almost constant contact. Pig butchering sometimes involves several trafficked people working as a team to create a single persona.</p> <p>Once the victim depends on the scammer for their emotional connection, the scammer introduces the idea of making an investment and uses fake crypto platforms to demonstrate returns. The scammers may use legitimate sounding cryptocoins and platforms. Victims can invest and “see” strong returns online. In reality, their money is going directly to the scammer.</p> <p>Once a victim transfers a substantial amount of money to the con artist, they are less likely to pull out. This phenomenon is known as the <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0749597885900494">“sunk cost fallacy”</a>. Research has shown people are likely to carry on investing money, time and effort in activities they have already invested in and ignore signs the endeavour isn’t in their best interests.</p> <p>When the victim runs out of money or tries to withdraw funds, they are blocked.</p> <p>The victim is left with not only financial devastation, but also the loss of what they may imagine to be their most intimate partnership. They are often <a href="https://cloud-platform-e218f50a4812967ba1215eaecede923f.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/sites/6/2021/12/VC-Who-Suffers-Fraud-Report-1.pdf">too embarrassed to discuss the experience</a> with friends and family or to report to the police.</p> <h2>PayPal scams</h2> <p>Fake payment requests are a common attack that works by volume rather than playing the long game. Payment requests appear to come from a genuine PayPal address. Fraudulent messages typically begin with a generic greeting, an urgent request and a fake link.</p> <p>For example, Dear User: You’ve received a payment, or you have paid too much. Please click link below for details. Users are directed to a spoofed website with a legitimate sounding name such as www.paypal.com/SpecialOffers and asked to enter their account information and password.</p> <p>Both of us have received these scam requests – and even we found them difficult to discern from legitimate PayPal request emails. These scams work through mimicry and play on the human tendency to trust authority. Legitimate PayPal correspondence is usually automatic bot language, so it is not difficult to imitate.</p> <p>But remember, genuine messages from PayPal <a href="https://www.paypal.com/ca/for-you/account/security/fraud-dangers#:%7E:text=Any%20email%20from%20PayPal%20will,bank%20account%2C%20or%20credit%20card.">will use your first and last name</a>.</p> <h2>The missing person scam</h2> <p>This seems to be a new scam that exploits a person’s kindness. In the past, charity scams involved posing as charitable organisation responding to a <a href="https://www.aarp.org/money/scams-fraud/info-2019/charity.html">recent, real calamity</a>.</p> <p>The new missing person scam is more sophisticated. The initial plea is a <a href="https://www.thesun.co.uk/tech/20875699/facebook-fake-missing-child-scam-warning/">fake missing person post</a> that generates likes and shares, increasing its credibility and exposure. Then the fraudster edits the content to create an investment scheme which now has the veneer of legitimacy.</p> <p>This scam may work because the initial consumers are unaware that the content is fraudulent, and there is no obvious request. In psychology, this type of persuasion is known as “<a href="https://thedecisionlab.com/reference-guide/psychology/social-proof">social proof</a>” – the tendency of individuals to follow and copy behaviour of others.</p> <h2>Fake app alerts</h2> <p>People post mobile apps, designed to steal users’ personal information, on the Google Play or Apple app store.</p> <p>The app often has a <a href="https://www.edinburghnews.scotsman.com/news/crime/another-person-comes-forward-after-banking-app-scam-3584340">legitimate function</a>, which gives it a cover. Consumers unknowingly jeopardise their private information by downloading these apps which use malware to access additional information.</p> <p>Although there has been <a href="https://tech.co/news/fake-android-apps-delete">media coverage of Android security issues</a>, many users assume malware <a href="https://www.ben-evans.com/benedictevans/2020/8/18/app-stores">cannot bypass app store screening</a>. Again, this scam plays on people’s <a href="https://psycnet.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2F0021-9010.92.3.639">trust in authority figures</a> to keep tjem safe.</p> <p>Discuss any investment opportunities with friends, family members or professionals. It’s much easier said than done, but exercising caution one of the best strategies to reduce the chance of becoming a fraud victim.</p> <p>Scammers count on people paying little to no attention to their emails or messages before clicking on them or providing valuable information. When it comes to scams, the devil is in the missing details.<img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/207759/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /></p> <p><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/stacey-wood-473147">Stacey Wood</a>, Professor of Psychology, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/scripps-college-2153">Scripps College</a> and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/yaniv-hanoch-1341108">Yaniv Hanoch</a>, Professor in Decision Science, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-southampton-1093">University of Southampton</a></em></p> <p><em>Image credits: Shutterstock</em></p> <p><em>This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/how-scammers-use-psychology-to-create-some-of-the-most-convincing-internet-cons-and-what-to-watch-out-for-207759">original article</a>.</em></p>

Technology

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Right royal nonsense: online scam roasted for being most pathetic ever

<p>It hasn’t taken long for scammers to swoop in and take advantage of the Queen’s death, only two short weeks after her funeral was watched by literally billions of people.</p> <p>Pretty audacious then for this particular scammer to think that pretending the Queen is actually still alive would fool anyone for even a moment.</p> <p>Twitter account UberFacts shared a screenshot of just such an attempt that has been circulating on Instagram.</p> <p>An account pretending to be the Queen herself is behind these ludicrous messages, with the handle @queenelizabet._3 ... and the messages claim the Queen isn't dead, that she's simply been shipped off to a desert island by King Charles so that he could ascend to the throne.</p> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet"> <p dir="ltr" lang="en">I have some news <a href="https://t.co/f1QbInTJNl">pic.twitter.com/f1QbInTJNl</a></p> <p>— UberFacts (@UberFacts) <a href="https://twitter.com/UberFacts/status/1572279949201117186?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">September 20, 2022</a></p></blockquote> <p>According to the message, "the Queen" "can't get hold of her royal money" - and needs people to send her some cash so she can return to the UK.</p> <p>The absurd message concludes with "Tea and biscuits" and a Union Jack flag emoji.</p> <p>As expected, the scam was thoroughly mocked online for its outrageous attempt at conning people out of money.</p> <p>Scammers come up with new ways to target social media users every day, but there are a few ways to help protect yourself and your information including: treating contact from unfamiliar accounts with caution - particularly if it claims to be an official account. Even if it is familiar, legitimate users often get hacked, so it still pays to watch out.</p> <p>Don't click on suspicious links or attachments - these are often the most dangerous parts of a scam message. As always, if you're unsure, better to be safe than sorry and avoid the links and messages altogether.</p> <p><em>Image: Twitter</em></p>

Money & Banking

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Scammers target flood victims in new low

<p dir="ltr">In the aftermath of the floods that have devastated much of northern NSW and Queensland, those affected have something else to worry about - scammers.</p> <p dir="ltr">As Aussies begin to rebuild their homes and businesses, many are filing insurance claims.</p> <p><span id="docs-internal-guid-c2c3bdc9-7fff-9886-2c93-8fe7954d3572"></span></p> <p dir="ltr">But, reports have begun to emerge of scammers trying to take advantage of flood victims by posing as insurance providers.</p> <blockquote class="instagram-media" style="background: #FFF; border: 0; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: 0 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.5),0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); margin: 1px; max-width: 540px; min-width: 326px; padding: 0; width: calc(100% - 2px);" data-instgrm-captioned="" data-instgrm-permalink="https://www.instagram.com/p/CavpKLzhHqI/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" data-instgrm-version="14"> <div style="padding: 16px;"> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: row; align-items: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;"> </div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;"> </div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;"> </div> </div> </div> <div style="padding: 19% 0;"> </div> <div style="display: block; height: 50px; margin: 0 auto 12px; width: 50px;"> </div> <div style="padding-top: 8px;"> <div style="color: #3897f0; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 550; line-height: 18px;">View this post on Instagram</div> </div> <div style="padding: 12.5% 0;"> </div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: row; margin-bottom: 14px; align-items: center;"> <div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(0px) translateY(7px);"> </div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; height: 12.5px; transform: rotate(-45deg) translateX(3px) translateY(1px); width: 12.5px; flex-grow: 0; margin-right: 14px; margin-left: 2px;"> </div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(9px) translateY(-18px);"> </div> </div> <div style="margin-left: 8px;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 20px; width: 20px;"> </div> <div style="width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 2px solid transparent; border-left: 6px solid #f4f4f4; border-bottom: 2px solid transparent; transform: translateX(16px) translateY(-4px) rotate(30deg);"> </div> </div> <div style="margin-left: auto;"> <div style="width: 0px; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-right: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(16px);"> </div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; flex-grow: 0; height: 12px; width: 16px; transform: translateY(-4px);"> </div> <div style="width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-left: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(-4px) translateX(8px);"> </div> </div> </div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center; margin-bottom: 24px;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 224px;"> </div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 144px;"> </div> </div> <p style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px; margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 8px 0 7px; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 17px; text-decoration: none;" href="https://www.instagram.com/p/CavpKLzhHqI/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" target="_blank" rel="noopener">A post shared by Ali King MP (@aliforpumicestone)</a></p> </div> </blockquote> <p dir="ltr">Ali King, the MP of Pumicestone in Queensland, said she received a text from an alleged scammer who claimed they would help with her insurance claim after the floods.</p> <p dir="ltr">The only problem was that she didn’t make a claim.</p> <p dir="ltr">“I got a text today from someone assigned to help me with my insurance claim. I don’t have an insurance claim,” she said on Instagram.</p> <p dir="ltr">Stephen Jones, the MP for Whitlam, also took to social media, using King’s tweet to warn those who may become victims of scammers on top of the floods.</p> <p dir="ltr"><span id="docs-internal-guid-deefd467-7fff-c7da-1b06-0d27bc8f81ff"></span></p> <p dir="ltr">“We’ve seen the best of Australia in the huge outpouring of support for those affected by these devastating floods,” he wrote.</p> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet"> <p dir="ltr" lang="en">Thanks <a href="https://twitter.com/StephenJonesMP?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@StephenJonesMP</a> - we need better laws to deal with these grubs. <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/auspol?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#auspol</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/QLDFloods2022?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#QLDFloods2022</a> <a href="https://t.co/FD2vjI9pxg">https://t.co/FD2vjI9pxg</a></p> <p>— Ali King MP (@AliKingLabor) <a href="https://twitter.com/AliKingLabor/status/1501017186537975813?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">March 8, 2022</a></p></blockquote> <p dir="ltr">“But scammers posing as insurance agents are looking to exploit people trying to pick up the pieces of their lives.</p> <p dir="ltr">“Look out for suspicious messages and phone calls. Share information with your communities so they know what to watch out for.</p> <p dir="ltr">“Working together we can stop these scammers from taking advantage of yet another tragedy.”</p> <p dir="ltr">A spokesperson for the ACC told <em><a href="https://7news.com.au/technology/scammers-posing-as-insurance-providers-target-flood-victims--c-5961535" target="_blank" rel="noopener">7News</a></em> that they were yet to see reports of the scams, but still urged Aussies to remain cautious.</p> <p dir="ltr">According to the ACCC, here are several things people can do to protect themselves from scams: </p> <ul> <li dir="ltr" aria-level="1"> <p dir="ltr" role="presentation">Don’t click on hyperlinks in texts, social media messages or emails, even if it appears to come from a trusted source</p> </li> <li dir="ltr" aria-level="1"> <p dir="ltr" role="presentation">Never reply to unsolicited messages asking for personal or financial details</p> </li> <li dir="ltr" aria-level="1"> <p dir="ltr" role="presentation">To determine if a contact is legitimate, look them up through an independent source such as a phone book or online search</p> </li> <li dir="ltr" aria-level="1"> <p dir="ltr" role="presentation">Never send money or personal information, such as credit card details, to anyone you don’t know or trust</p> </li> </ul> <p dir="ltr">If you believe you have fallen victim to a scam, contact your bank and consider lodging a complaint with the <a href="https://aus01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.afca.org.au%2F&amp;data=04%7C01%7CSuWoolley%40seven.com.au%7Cc6008f2b54f04dd1bfb008d9df928a4c%7Cb359291241554399b790752c894d2935%7C0%7C0%7C637786642752505908%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0&amp;sdata=34rdRdW3WEJ0j6pj0PBqVm4Ixxy91pCjrwwk7LQSoME%3D&amp;reserved=0" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Australian Financial Complaints Authority</a> if you’re not satisfied with the bank’s response.</p> <p dir="ltr"><span id="docs-internal-guid-b6aeeb2b-7fff-ee91-d153-74beb6345dcf"></span></p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Image: Getty Images</em></p>

Technology

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Three tricks scammers use

<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">With a recent uptick in potentially fraudulent texts, emails, and phone calls during the pandemic, the field of psychology has analysed these deceptions to reveal some simple tricks scammers use.</span></p> <p><strong>1. Using trusted logos and brands</strong></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Fraudsters will often use familiar elements, such as the name or logo of well-known brands, to gain immediate trust from their victims.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">This will tend to be paired with a message that aims to elicit a strong emotional response to stop the victim from thinking logically. That could take the form of a promise of a reward or a potential threat that victims need to provide their personal or financial information to receive or avoid.</span></p> <p><strong>2. Posing as a professional</strong></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In other more devious schemes, scammers pose as lawyers or doctors representing a family member or colleague needing financial help.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“Often negative emotions are most effective,” said Cleotilde Gonzalez, a professor of decision science at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.</span></p> <p><strong>3. Setting a timer</strong></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Finally, most scams will present their victims with a “time-limited” situation that requires an immediate response.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">This works to increase the chance that you will act before you engage your critical thinking skills to either not miss the opportunity or avoid potential threats and forget the possibility of deceit.</span></p> <p><strong>A mix of all three</strong></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Most scams rely on a mix of all three tricks to ensure success.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Think of the calls claiming to come from the tax office, warning that you could face a fine if you don’t take action immediately, which usually involves sharing bank account details. With an immediate threat to deal with, it can be incredibly difficult to think clearly.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“Your guard automatically drops in those situations and your emotions will override rational decision making,” said Garth Norris, a psychologist at Aberystwyth University in the UK.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Though there isn’t a single fool-proof way of protecting ourselves from scams, both Norris and Gonzalez suggest not responding immediately to every single message we receive.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“Just give yourself the time and think, is this real?” said Norris.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">And if the message includes a link, typing it out manually instead of clicking on it can help us spot any anomalies.</span></p>

Retirement Income

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Man falls for scammer who posed as Olivia Newton-John

<p><span>A 74-year-old man has admitted he was tricked into believing he had developed a wonderful connection with Australian actress Olivia Newton-John.</span><br /><br /><span>Mr Martinetti is an award-winning cinematographer who had worked with the Aussie starlet on the film The Wilde Girls.</span><br /><br /><span>“I met Olivia and it was like working with any other actor. My job is the same, I have to make them look good, which I did,” he told the program.</span><br /><br /><span>“I got a nice picture with her and that’s what started this whole saga.”</span></p> <p><img style="width: 500px; height: 281.25px;" src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/7836224/olivia-newton-john-scam-1.jpg" alt="" data-udi="umb://media/1cb9421fab0142f59c1d324cb696ffc6" /><br /><br /><span>He shared the picture to an Olivia Newton-John fan page and shortly after doing so, received a message from a person with the Facebook name Dame Olivia.</span><br /><br /><span>“I almost fainted. I had been looking at this picture and thinking about her and here she comes into my life. I couldn’t believe it,” he said.</span><br /><br /><span>“I think it was a moment of weakness. Emotionally I was weak and that’s how they got me.”</span><br /><br /><span>As the two continued to talk, the person disguised as Ms Newton-John told him she was now divorced and was lonely.</span><br /><br /><span>He said she also told him he was “handsome”.</span></p> <p><img style="width: 500px; height: 281.25px;" src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/7836223/olivia-newton-john-scam-2.jpg" alt="" data-udi="umb://media/26121f4510754c03b9b1e6e1f1b78cd6" /><br /><br /><span>“I started to feel sorry for her, I thought, ‘oh poor Olivia, she doesn’t deserve all this, she’s such a beautiful human being’,” he said.</span><br /><br /><span>The senior man says he was told he must keep their conversations private, and would have to communicate on the app Telegram.</span><br /><br /><span>The pair talked about meeting each other but the fake Dame Olivia told him that if he wanted them to meet, he would have to pay to cover the costs of her food and hotel room.</span><br /><br /><span>“If you want to have a coffee with Olivia it costs $2000 and if you want to go to a restaurant it costs $5000. I thought ‘this is weird but it must be the way she earns money’,” Mr Martinetti said.</span><br /><br /><span>“I was thinking I didn’t want to be disrespectful to her. Can you say ‘piss off’ to Olivia Newton-John? I don’t think so.”</span><br /><br /><span>He arranged to meet her and ended up paying a whopping $13,000 into two separate Melbourne bank accounts.</span><br /><br /><span>One belonged to a Mary Busuttil and the other a Thelma Fiasco.</span><br /><br /><span>However, the meeting never occurred and Mr Martinetti was hit with the sudden realisation that he had been scammed.</span><br /><br /><span>Mr Martinetti continued talking with the fake account, and eventually convinced them to give an address where he could send money to.</span><br /><br /><span>He gave this information and the conversations to the Gold Coast Police but claims they weren’t interested in taking on the case.</span><br /><br /><span>It was then Mr Martinetti partnered up with A Current Affair who tracked down the scammer by going to the address in Craigieburn, Melbourne, he had been given under the pretence of dropping off more money.</span><br /><br /><span>That address turned out to be the home of Ms Busuttil who was a scam victim just like Mr Martinetti and had no idea of what had been tangled up in.</span><br /><br /><span>“I think it is disgusting. I think that people that prey on other people based on trust and their feelings, to me they are the worst scum in the world,” Mr Martinetti said.</span><br /><br /><span>The scammer behind the Dame Olivia Facebook profile eventually slipped up by accidentally switching the profile picture to their real photo.</span><br /><br /><span>A man called Fidelis Ilechie, was listed as the owner of the account Mr Martinetti believed belonged to Olivia Newton-John.</span><br /><br /><span>Mr Martinetti and Ms Busuttil have filed reports with Victoria and Queensland Police who are now investigating the incidents.</span></p> <p><span><em>Image: Facebook.</em></span></p>

Money & Banking

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Inside the mind of the online scammer

<p>When Dame Helen Mirren revealed she had been the victim of a <a href="https://www.express.co.uk/news/uk/1199903/Dame-Helen-Mirren-latest-telephone-scam-warning-BBC-Radio-4-news">“humiliating” scam</a> on the press junket for her latest movie (in which, coincidentally, she also plays the victim of a hoax), it highlighted how everyone needs to be on their guard against fraudsters. Even members of the royal family are not immune, as was illustrated when Prince Charles was dragged into a <a href="https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/prince-charles-hit-counterfeit-art-20799908">major counterfeit art scandal</a>. But what motives scammers, other than greed? I believe the answer can be gleaned by investigating why humans lie in the first place.</p> <p>Online fraudsters carry out a sophisticated and well-planned array of deceiving strategies to con people. These include <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-49825888">romance scams</a> in which the victim is enticed to contribute cash to foster a fake romantic relationship, fraudulent lotteries, prize draws, sweepstake games and auction sites. Substantial winnings are offered if the victim can send in some cash.</p> <p>The fraudsters are <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/better/lifestyle/scammers-have-upped-their-game-former-conman-shares-tips-protecting-ncna1057631">constantly building better mousetraps</a> in order to lure in increasingly sophisticated mice. For example, scams are being personalised to the victim by including references to familiar people or by targeting the victim’s occupation.</p> <p><strong>What’s behind the deception?</strong></p> <p>Scams are carried out using almost untraceable methods, so the criminals are often unknown, despite concerted efforts by law enforcement to identify and prosecute them. But the knowledge from several disciplines (<a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/ethology">ethology</a>, social psychology and criminology) can help us to understand them.</p> <p><strong>Deception to ensure survival</strong></p> <p>Ethologists study animal behaviour. They have observed that species, including humans, have developed a complex means of deceiving their prey in order <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1745691614535936">to ensure their survival</a>. For example, ethologists have identified complex forms of deceptions in other species, such as the jumping spider, which uses behavioural and chemical mimicry. This allows them to coexist with ants and feed on them. This is regarded as comparable to humans engaging in embezzlement by which they use their privileged access to resources and reputation for illegally extracting finances from other people.</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><iframe width="440" height="260" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/vAS3kahu76k?wmode=transparent&amp;start=0" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen=""></iframe></p> <p><strong>Altruistic lies?</strong></p> <p>Social psychologists have found that when humans lie for altruistic purposes or advancement of the group, the lie is often praised rather than denigrated. For example, even young children (aged between five and seven) show a willingness to tell “white lies” in order <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/bjdp.12083">to make others feel better</a>. Meanwhile other research shows that adults perceive lying that benefits others (because sometimes the truth hurts) <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022103114000328?via%3Dihub">as more “ethical”</a> than honest statements.</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><iframe width="440" height="260" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/wJCRzgAPwE4?wmode=transparent&amp;start=0" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen=""></iframe></p> <p><strong>Typical and serious lies</strong></p> <p>Social psychological research shows that <a href="https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781351035743">lying is part of normal life</a>. Frequently, people tell everyday lies that are rather benign. Most of these lies are self-serving, but many are designed to benefit others.</p> <p>People most often tell <a href="https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=uC1NDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT116&amp;lpg=PT116&amp;dq=doi:+http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15324834basp2602%263_4&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=b4Yp7Aw_WK&amp;sig=ACfU3U1sEhUyv82mQ4iTYFaGTKveIwdjpQ&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwijj9Dhq8HmAhWJa8AKHRFiB08Q6AEwAHoECAcQAQ#v=onepage&amp;q=doi%3A%20http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1207%2Fs15324834basp2602%263_4&amp;f=false">“serious lies”</a> to their closest relationship partners. They tell serious lies in order to avoid punishment, protect themselves from confrontation, appear a highly desirable person, to protect others and also to hurt their partner. Common serious lies tend to involve affairs and taking money from others without their knowledge.</p> <p><strong>Liars, fraudsters and corruption</strong></p> <p>Frauds represent a complex array of deceptive behaviour that originates in species and arises, in part, from some of the typical motivations for deception. It is, of course, a criminal activity that is well understood by criminologists. Most criminals are typically male and have parents with criminal records, delinquent peer friends, arrests at a young age and come from poor areas with <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5892438/">higher crime rates</a>.</p> <p>Today’s most common online scams are often carried out by people from poor countries. These countries and their government officials are generally regarded as corrupt by <a href="https://www.transparency.org/files/content/pages/2018_CPI_Executive_Summary.pdf">international corruption indexes</a>. Such corruption conveys the message that deception is a desirable strategy. Poverty combined with high corruption contributes to a heightened motivation to deceive others for survival.</p> <p>The criminals in question tend to have traits of <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047235217301897">psychopathic and antisocial personality disorders</a>. Research has investigated illegal downloading and hacking in adolescents from 30 countries. It was found that “<a href="https://www.cybercrimejournal.com/Udrisvol10issue2IJCC2016.pdf">cyber deviance</a>” was mostly carried out by males and by people who experienced “school disorganisation” (stealing and vandalism) and “neighbourhood disorganisation” (having untrustworthy or criminal neighbours).</p> <p>These “cyber deviants” tend to have <a href="https://www.cybercrimejournal.com/Udrisvol10issue2IJCC2016.pdf">elevated cognitive ability</a> and, of course, have access to computers and technology. This type of fraud is often well planned and the fraudsters employ a range of deceptive tactics.</p> <p>The law tries to keep these criminals at bay. In September 2019, Operation reWired in the US succeeded in prosecuting <a href="https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/281-arrested-worldwide-coordinated-international-enforcement-operation-targeting-hundreds">281 email scammers</a> from several countries.</p> <p>But the large numbers of fraudsters who combine deceptive and complex strategies make it extremely difficult to keep these crimes under control. So an understanding of how their minds work and their modus operandi is vital if one is to avoid becoming a victim.<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/127471/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https://theconversation.com/republishing-guidelines --></p> <p><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/ken-rotenberg-272715">Ken Rotenberg</a>, Professor in Psychology, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/keele-university-1012">Keele University</a></em></p> <p><em>This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/inside-the-mind-of-the-online-scammer-127471">original article</a>.</em></p>

Retirement Income

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Man sent to prison for defrauding desperate farmers

<p>In the midst of the crippling drought affecting many parts of the nation, scammers have been preying on the vulnerability of who are desperate to feed their livestock.</p> <p>And recently, a man from Parkes was sent to prison for his unscrupulous act of <a href="https://www.sydneycriminallawyers.com.au/criminal/offences/fraud-charges/fraud-s192e/">dishonestly obtaining a financial gain by deception.</a></p> <p><strong>The story so far</strong></p> <p>Stephen John Swindle (his real name) from Parkes had a business masquerading the sale of hay and grain to farmers, but simply did not deliver it after receiving payment.</p> <p>Mr Swindle was imprisoned last week for defrauding New South Wales farmers of more than $80,000 in a scam that lasted more than two years, after being found guilty of 10 counts of <a href="https://www.sydneycriminallawyers.com.au/criminal/legislation/crimes-act/fraud/">fraud under section 192E of the Crimes Act 1900</a>.</p> <p>During Mr Swindle’s sentencing hearing, the presiding magistrate described his actions as reprehensible, in light of the tough drought affecting our farmers, and labelled the defendant as “lying, dishonest and violent”.</p> <p>According to police papers, several vulnerable farmers purchased food for their livestock through Mr Swindle’s business. Some of the orders were partially delivered, while others were not delivered at all.</p> <p>Mr Swindle lied to his customers about the whereabouts of the delivery trucks, and spent his ill-gotten gains on trips to theme parks, accommodation on the NSW South Coast, sports betting, groceries and liquor.</p> <p>Mr Swindle has been sentenced to a total of three years and six months behind bars and will be eligible for parole in November 2020.</p> <p><strong>Not the first case</strong></p> <p>Earlier this year, a Villawood man was also charged 13 fraud charges arising from a social media scam which allegedly advertised feed for livestock, which according to police was never delivered. The man allegedly targeted farmers in the Hunter Valley region, fleecing them to the tune of $40,000.</p> <p>Police say that, unfortunately, fraudulent schemes of this type are on the rise, and everyone needs to be vigilant.</p> <p><strong>The offence of fraud in NSW</strong></p> <p>Fraud is a general term used to describe a dishonest act which deceives another for financial gain, or another’s financial loss.</p> <p>The general offence of fraud carries a maximum penalty of 10 years in prison where the charge comes before the District Court, or two years for each count up to a maximum of five years where the case remains in the Local Court.</p> <p>The severity of the sentence for a person who is found guilty, or pleads guilty, depends on a number of factors, including the value of the funds or property involved, the length of time it was conducted, the sophistication of the enterprise as well as the personal characteristics of the defendant, including whether he or she has previous convictions, whether a guilty plea was entered, whether the money was repaid, whether any underlying issues have been addressed (such as gambling or drug addiction) and any demonstrated remorse.</p> <p>Section 192E of the Crimes Act provides that:</p> <p>(1) A person who, by any deception, dishonestly–</p> <p>(a) obtains property belonging to another, or</p> <p>(b) obtains any financial advantage or causes any financial disadvantage,</p> <p>is guilty of the offence of fraud.</p> <p>Maximum penalty–Imprisonment for 10 years.</p> <p>(2) A person’s obtaining of property belonging to another may be dishonest even if the person is willing to pay for the property.</p> <p>(3) A person may be convicted of the offence of fraud involving all or any part of a general deficiency in money or other property even though the deficiency is made up of any number of particular sums of money or items of other property that were obtained over a period of time.</p> <p>(4) A conviction for the offence of fraud is an alternative verdict to a charge for the offence of <a href="https://www.sydneycriminallawyers.com.au/criminal/offences/larceny-stealing-theft/">larceny</a>, or any offence that includes larceny, and a conviction for the offence of larceny, or any offence that includes larceny, is an alternative verdict to a charge for the offence of fraud.</p> <p><em>Written by Sonia Hickey and Ugur Nedim. Republished with permission of <a href="https://www.sydneycriminallawyers.com.au/blog/man-sent-to-prison-for-defrauding-desperate-farmers/">Sydney Criminal Lawyers.</a></em></p>

Legal

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Beware: Your private data could be shared with strangers

<p>Just to remind us that even the world’s biggest and wealthiest tech companies are not immune to privacy breaches, Google made worldwide headlines recently after a glitch that sent thousands of users’ private videos backed up on Google Photos to complete strangers.</p> <p>Google Takeout is a service that allows Google Photo users to backup their personal data or use it with other apps. <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com.au/google-photos-accidentally-sent-users-private-videos-to-strangers-report-2020-2?r=US&amp;IR=T">Google mixed up user-data</a> and sent many Take-out users’ personal videos to random people.</p> <p>While the issue lasted several days, Google says it only affected 0.01% of users – but with the number of users in excess of 1 billion, the number is believed to run into the thousands.</p> <p>The way big tech companies like Google and Facebook collect, store and share user-data has <a href="https://www.sydneycriminallawyers.com.au/blog/facebook-defiant-in-the-face-of-data-scandal/">come under scrutiny in recent years.</a></p> <p><strong>The ACCC has taken legal action against Google</strong></p> <p>Last year, the Australian consumer watchdog, the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) filed legal proceedings against Google, accusing it of misleading smartphone users about how it collects and uses personal location data.</p> <p>It’s the ACCC’s first lawsuit against a global tech giant, but one which the Commission hopes will send a clear message that tech companies are legally required to inform users of how their data is collected, and how users can stop it from being collected.</p> <p>Other countries are said to be watching the proceedings closely, as they too consider how to keep tech companies accountable.</p> <p>In a nutshell, <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-australia-google-regulator/australian-regulator-files-privacy-suit-against-google-alleging-location-data-misuse-idUSKBN1X804X">the ACCC alleges that Google breached the Australian Consumer Law (ACL)</a> by misleading its users during the years 2017 and 2018 by:</p> <ul> <li>not properly disclosing that two different settings need to be switched off if consumers do not want Google to collect, keep and use their location data, and</li> <li>not disclosing to consumers on which pages personal location data can be used for a purposes unrelated to the consumer’s use of Google services.</li> </ul> <p>Some of the alleged breaches carry penalties of up to A$10 million or 10% of annual turnover.</p> <p>According to the ACCC, Google’s account settings on Android phones and tablets have led consumers to believe that changing a setting on the “Location History” page stops the company from collecting, storing and using their location data. It alleges that Google failed to make clear to consumers that they would actually need to change their choices on a separate setting titled “Web &amp; App Activity” to prevent this from occurring.</p> <p>It is well known that Google collects and uses consumers’ personal location data for purposes other than providing Google services to consumers, although users are often surprised to realise just how much information these tech giants have and profit from.</p> <p>For example, Google uses location data for its navigation platforms, using the data to work out demographic information for the sole purposes of selling targeted advertising. And, as it has become increasingly clear, digital platforms have the ability to track consumers when they are <a href="https://www.sydneycriminallawyers.com.au/blog/smile-facebook-may-soon-be-filming-you/">both online and offline</a> to create highly detailed personal profiles.</p> <p>These profiles are then used to sell products and services, but companies like the ACCC believe the way the information is gathered is misleading or deceptive, and could also breach <a href="http://www.sydneycriminallawyers.com.au/blog/police-hacking-in-australia-a-case-of-breach-of-privacy/">privacy laws</a>.</p> <p><strong>No ‘blanket’ protection for users globally</strong></p> <p>The closest thing to a cross-jurisdiction set of rules regarding privacy rights is the General Data Protection Regulation (EU) 2016/679 (GDPR), which were introduced in 2018 and govern data protection and privacy in the European Union (EU) and the European Economic Area (EEA).</p> <p>The regulation also addresses the transfer of personal data outside the EU and EEA areas. The instrument aims to give individuals control over their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the rules within the EU.</p> <p>Not all companies and organisations have adopted the GDPR. Rather, only those with offices in an EU country or that collect, process or store the personal data of anyone located within an EU country are required to comply with the rules.</p> <p>But because many businesses have an international focus and reach, <a href="https://www.oaic.gov.au/privacy/guidance-and-advice/australian-entities-and-the-eu-general-data-protection-regulation/">many Australian businesses have adopted the regulations</a> and given consumers some assurances regarding privacy.</p> <p>And the GDPR laws do have teeth. In January, a French regulator fined Google 50 million euros (about AUD$82 million) for breaches of privacy laws. And Ireland’s Data Protection Commissioner is currently investigating Google over contravening the privacy rules.</p> <p>Facebook is also under fire for privacy breaches as well as for misuse of data. Last year, it was fined a record-breaking $5 billion in the United States over the misuse of data and inadequate vetting of misinformation campaigns, which were used together to help sway the 2016 presidential election in favour of Donald Trump.</p> <p><strong>Beware of posting or uploading information</strong></p> <p>In the meantime, the ACCC has not yet specified the nature and scope of the corrective notices and other orders it is seeking against Google.</p> <p>However, the regulator has sent warnings to <a href="https://www.sydneycriminallawyers.com.au/blog/thinking-of-getting-a-digital-assistant-device-think-again/">all technology users to be vigilant</a> in updating their privacy settings and being aware the information they provide when setting up devices and apps can be used and, indeed, profited from by tech companies.</p> <p><em>Written by Sonia hickey and Ugur Nedim. Republished with permission of <a href="https://www.sydneycriminallawyers.com.au/blog/beware-your-private-data-could-be-shared-with-strangers/">Sydney Criminal Lawyers.</a> </em></p> <p> </p>

Art

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10 signs you’re about to fall for a bad Airbnb listing

<p>When looking for accommodation for a next holiday, many people turn to the rentals listed on Airbnb. Although many are amazing, some are not so great. We talk to experts who shed light on some of the key indicators that a rental may not be all it’s cracked up to be, or worse, that you’re about to fall for an Airbnb scam.</p> <p><strong>1. Photos that leave you with more questions than answers</strong></p> <div id="page2" class="slide-show"> <div id="test" class="slide listicle-slide"> <div class="slide-description"> <p>The best listings will provide a virtual photo tour of the space you will temporarily call home. On the other end of the spectrum, a questionable listing will have photos of the outside area, the neighbourhood, and the street … but not what you care about the most: the bedroom, the bathroom and the kitchen, says chief digital officer Nerissa Marbury, who has booked everything from entire homes to private rooms in 12 cities across five countries. “If the listing has limited photos, it doesn’t hurt to ask the host for more photos. And if the host offers a lame excuse as to why this isn’t possible, be wary,” she says.</p> <div class="at-below-post addthis_tool" data-url="https://www.readersdigest.com.au/travel/10-signs-youre-about-to-fall-for-a-bad-airbnb-listing"><strong>2. You can't find any reviews</strong></div> <div class="at-below-post addthis_tool" data-url="https://www.readersdigest.com.au/travel/10-signs-youre-about-to-fall-for-a-bad-airbnb-listing"> <div id="page3" class="slide-show"> <div id="test" class="slide listicle-slide"> <div class="slide-description"> <p>When you’re shopping for anything from a mattress to a blender, what information is most valuable to you? Reviews from internet strangers, your friends, your neighbour – anyone who will provide insight about their experience. The same goes for an Airbnb listing. If there are little to no reviews, you should proceed with caution, says Sara Mosadegh, an Airbnb host and property manager. While, sure, every new listing will start from square one, if you are considering booking a listing with no feedback and a host who isn’t responding, run away!</p> <p><strong>3. You can only find negative reviews</strong></p> <div id="page4" class="slide-show"> <div id="test" class="slide listicle-slide"> <div class="slide-description"> <p>You might find a property with tons of reviews – but are any of them peachy? The only thing worse than no feedback is negative criticisms of a listing, says Mosadegh. “Reviews that say negative things about wifi, neighbours, or neighbourhood safety are important to sort through. That’s why you should take the time to read all reviews and dig deep,” she explains. She also recommends following up on reviews that mention construction, since that could change or improve over time. “Review comments may not be a deal breaker but are always something you should weigh up,” she adds.</p> <div class="at-below-post addthis_tool" data-url="https://www.readersdigest.com.au/travel/10-signs-youre-about-to-fall-for-a-bad-airbnb-listing"><strong>4. You aren't finding photos that match the description</strong></div> <div class="at-below-post addthis_tool" data-url="https://www.readersdigest.com.au/travel/10-signs-youre-about-to-fall-for-a-bad-airbnb-listing"> <p>Use your investigative skills to see if the description matches the pictures provided, urges Jessica Norak, a travel writer and Airbnb frequent traveller. “If the text says ‘luxury apartment’ and you see chipped paint, uneven concrete floors, and little furniture pictured, it probably is not a luxury apartment,” she explains. “Be sure to check the photos that have been verified or taken by Airbnb, and use those to inform what you think the apartment will be like, rather than the description, if the two do not match.”</p> <p><strong>5. You can't believe the price</strong></p> <p>Finding a good deal is often a double-edged sword: saving money is always a bonus, but it’s important to understand why a place is far below market value compared with other listings, says digital nomad and frequent Airbnb guest Veronica Silva. As she puts it, there’s often a reason, so don’t just believe you scored a budget-friendly option right off the bat. “Maybe the neighbourhood is not great, or the place itself is lacking something and the host is just trying to make up for it,” she explains. When in doubt, you should ask your potential host to provide further insight on how he or she arrived at the rate.</p> <p><strong>6. You're finding errors</strong></p> <div id="page7" class="slide-show"> <div id="test" class="slide listicle-slide"> <div class="slide-description"> <p>Sure, not everyone is a writer or an expert on grammar, but if you keep finding contradictions in the listing, you have reason to raise an eyebrow. As Marbury says, sometimes there are honest-to-goodness typos because the host has more than one listing or isn’t a native English speaker, but if you are reading about a “backyard” but there isn’t one pictured, you should feel empowered to ask for clarity. If you can’t correspond effectively with the host, Marbury says to run.</p> <div class="at-below-post addthis_tool" data-url="https://www.readersdigest.com.au/travel/10-signs-youre-about-to-fall-for-a-bad-airbnb-listing"><strong>7. You aren't sure whether it's legal</strong></div> <div class="at-below-post addthis_tool" data-url="https://www.readersdigest.com.au/travel/10-signs-youre-about-to-fall-for-a-bad-airbnb-listing"> <p>Here’s the deal: as Airbnb grew in popularity, various city, state and country officials started heavily regulating what’s permitted – and what’s not. Norah says that to protect yourself – and to lower the risk of hiccups once you’ve landed – it’s important to ensure that your listing has a business license or a registration number. “In many cities, Airbnb properties need to be legally registered to be operated as an Airbnb,” she explains. Barcelona in Spain, and San Francisco in California, are two such destinations, but you should research the rules of any place you trek to. You may even be asked at customs for this information, and having it on hand will ward off any confusion or difficulties. “Airport officials in the Seychelles checked to make sure our Airbnb was registered when we arrived at the airport,” Norah says. Where do you find it? She says for most of these cities, you will find a business or city license-registration number listed somewhere on the property description.</p> <p><strong>8. You booked the first place you found</strong></p> <div id="page9" class="slide-show"> <div id="test" class="slide listicle-slide"> <div class="slide-description"> <p>Many unpleasant travel experiences can be avoided if you are willing to roll up your sleeves and do your due diligence to ensure that you’re booking what you want, Marbury says. After all, you can’t expect a place to be 100 per cent up to your standards if you didn’t take the time to research the details you were booking. “If strong and consistent wifi is important to you, don’t assume all wifi speeds are equal across all listings. Or, if you’re a light sleeper and the bedroom window faces a main road, you should ask about the traffic noise,” she explains. When you read through descriptions, keep an eye out for what a host is trying to tell you, instead of rushing to find something so you can check it off your to-do list. “Good hosts prefer to manage your expectations before you click ‘book’ because it equates to less headaches for them, too,” she adds.</p> <p><strong>9. Your host is taking forever to respond</strong></p> <p>When you browse through profiles, don’t disregard the response rate. Especially if you are traveling to an unfamiliar destination where you won’t be fluent in the native language, having a speedy, available host is essential. Marbury says that it’s a major red flag when your host takes forever to respond to you – or doesn’t reply at all. “A host who isn’t able to respond to an inquiry within a reasonable amount of time is typically a host who will not respond to you any faster when you have an issue you want resolved within the home after checking in,” she explains.</p> <p><strong>10. You feel like it's too good to be true</strong></p> <p>Whether the home is spectacular and far too affordable, the location seems impossible for your travel dates, or all of the above and more, take the time to listen to your gut, suggests travel journalist Kinga Philipps. Ask your host as many questions as necessary to make sure you are 100 per cent certain before you hit “book.”</p> <div id="page1" class="slide-show"> <div id="test" class="slide listicle-slide"> <div class="slide-description"> <p><em>Written by Lindsay Tigar. This article first appeared in </em><a href="https://www.readersdigest.com.au/travel/10-signs-youre-about-to-fall-for-a-bad-airbnb-listing"><em>Reader’s Digest</em></a><em>. </em><em>For more of what you love from the world’s best-loved magazine, </em><a href="http://readersdigest.innovations.co.nz/c/readersdigestemailsubscribe?utm_source=over60&amp;utm_medium=articles&amp;utm_campaign=RDSUB&amp;keycode=WRN93V"><em>here’s our best subscription offer.</em></a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>

Travel Trouble

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Keep an ear out for these phone scams

<p>Don’t fall victim to a telephone scam – educate yourself on the latest tricks to get you to part with your money.</p> <div class="at-below-post addthis_tool" data-url="https://www.readersdigest.com.au/true-stories-lifestyle/thought-provoking/keep-ear-out-these-phone-scams"><strong>Whatsapp scam</strong></div> <div class="at-below-post addthis_tool" data-url="https://www.readersdigest.com.au/true-stories-lifestyle/thought-provoking/keep-ear-out-these-phone-scams"> <p><strong>What is it?</strong></p> <p>The Singapore Police Force issued a warning just last month about a scam that causes victims to lose access to their Whatsapp accounts.</p> <p><strong>How does it work?</strong></p> <p>Victims would receive Whatsapp messages from people on their contact list asking for their Whatsapp account verification codes.</p> <p>Once the victims send the codes over, the scammers control of the accounts.</p> <p>They would then use these compromised accounts to con people on the contact list into purchasing gift cards and sending over the passwords for the cards. The cards would then be sold online.</p> <p><strong>How can I protect myself?</strong></p> <p>Don’t entertain unusual requests via Whatsapp, even if they come from someone on your contact list, as the account may have been compromised.</p> <p>Speak with the person to verify their identity.</p> <p>You can also protect your Whatsapp account by enabling the “Two-step Verification” feature.</p> <p><strong>Impersonation scam</strong></p> <p><strong>What is it?</strong></p> <p>There are several variations of this ruse, with the scammers pretending to be all manner of officials, from police officers to bank staff. The latest iteration in Malaysia involves scammer pretending to be postal couriers.</p> <p><strong>How does it work?</strong></p> <p>Scammers will call their victims, impersonating any of the above-mentioned positions.</p> <p>They inform the victims that they have broken the law and will be in trouble if they do not pay a fine, which is to be transferred to an account number they provide.</p> <p>The scammers also tell their victims that the conversation is being recorded and that they must not tell anyone about it or they’ll get in further trouble.</p> <p><strong>How can I protect myself?</strong></p> <p>These scammers use Caller ID spoofing technology to divert the phone numbers from the relevant agencies so it looks like you’re getting a call from the police, for example.</p> <p>But it’s important to note that government agencies will never conduct business in this manner, so this is clearly a scam. Hang up and make a police report.</p> <p><strong>Wangiri scam</strong></p> <p><strong>What is it?</strong></p> <p>This scam has been around for the better part of a decade but it does pop up now and again in a slightly different form, so it’s important to always be alert.</p> <p>Wangiri means “one ring” and “cut” in Japanese, where the victim receives a call from an overseas number that gets cut off after just one ring.</p> <p><strong>How does it work?</strong></p> <p>Getting the call is not the problem, returning the call is. If you return the call, you will likely hear an advertisement for a subscription chat line or internet service, and you will be charged for the call.</p> <p>The latest variation involves receiving a Whatsapp message with a contact attachment – you will be charged for calling the contact.</p> <p><strong>How can I protect myself?</strong></p> <p>Never return the call, especially if you don’t know anyone living in the country from where the call originates. Block the number and Google it to see if there are any reports of scammers using it.</p> <p><strong>Kidnapping scams</strong></p> <p><strong>What is it?</strong></p> <p>This is another scam that’s making its rounds in Singapore again, with local police reporting that they have received numerous reports about it last month.</p> <p><strong>How does it work?</strong></p> <p>Scammers send text messages to victims claiming that they have kidnapped the victims’ loved ones and will harm them if they do not transfer a large amount of money to a bank account.</p> <p><strong>How can I protect myself?</strong></p> <p>Remain calm and contact your loved ones immediately to ensure they are safe. Don’t transfer the money or respond to the text message, and be sure to block the number. Make a police report.</p> <p><em>Written by Siti Rohani. </em><em>This article first appeared in <a rel="noopener" href="https://www.readersdigest.com.au/true-stories-lifestyle/thought-provoking/keep-ear-out-these-phone-scams" target="_blank">Reader’s Digest</a>. For more of what you love from the world’s best-loved magazine, <a rel="noopener" href="https://readersdigest.innovations.com.au/c/readersdigestemailsubscribe?utm_source=over60&amp;utm_medium=articles&amp;utm_campaign=RDSUB&amp;keycode=WRA93V" target="_blank">here’s our best subscription offer</a>.</em></p> </div>

Technology

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Watch out! Scammers are now targeting you using Google Calendar

<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Experts from international security firm Kaspersky have discovered calendar apps are being targeting in a new type of phishing scam.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">A phishing scam is one that attempts to trick you into giving out your personal information, which includes your bank account numbers, passwords and credit card numbers.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The new scam exploits a default feature which gives the ability to add invitations and events automatically to calendar apps unless it is turned off manually.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Kaspersky security researcher Maria Vergelis said scammers hope the “calendar phishing” technique will catch unsuspecting victims off guard, according to </span><a href="https://finance.nine.com.au/personal-finance/google-calendar-scam-google-calendar-scam-kaspersky-discover-new-phishing-attack/0d3e39a1-4132-4dd4-90da-30c4a3b2977d"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Nine Finance</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“The ‘calendar scam’ is a very effective scheme as currently people have more or less gotten used to receiving spam messages from emails or messengers and do not immediately trust them,” she explained.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“This may not be the case when it comes to the Calendar app, which has a main purpose to organise information rather than transfer it.”</span></p> <p><strong>How the scam works</strong></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The scam sends a pop-up notification of an invitation to the victim’s smartphone and the recipient is encouraged to click on a link.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Once the user clicks on the link, it redirects you to a website that features a simple questionnaire with prize money on offer. In order to receive the prize, they are asked to enter personal information, such as credit card number, name, phone number and address.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">This information goes straight to the scammers who exploit this information for money. </span></p> <p>How to disable automatic invites</p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“So far, the sample we’ve seen contains text displaying an obviously weird offer, but as It happens, every simple scheme becomes more elaborate and trickier with time,” Vergelis warned.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“The good news is one also doesn’t need any sophisticated precautions to avoid such scam - the feature that enables it can be easily turned off in the calendar settings.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Disabling the “automatic invites” feature is easy enough.</span></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Open Google Calendar</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Click the settings Gear Icon</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Click “Event Settings”</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Click on the drop-down menu and select: “No, only show invitations to which I've responded”</span></li> </ul> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Google are well aware of this scam, but stopping all spam is not an easy task.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“Combating spam is a never-ending battle, and while we've made great progress, sometimes spam gets through,” Google said in a statement.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“We remain deeply committed to protecting all of our users from spam: We scan content on Photos for spam and provide users the ability to report spam in Calendar, Forms, Google Drive, and Google Photos, as well as block spammers from contacting them on Hangouts.”</span></p>

Technology

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Woman loses $60,000 to romantic scammer on online game Words With Friends

<div class="col-12"> <div data-fuse="21721424248" class="ad-space-container" data-fuse-code="fuse-slot-21721424248-1" data-fuse-slot="/71161633/OVER60_oversixty/article_hrec_2"> <div id="fuse-slot-21721424248-1" class="fuse-slot" data-google-query-id="CJuDoK-A8dwCFdixlgod8oMBoQ"> <div id="google_ads_iframe_/71161633/OVER60_oversixty/article_hrec_2_0__container__" class="ad-300x250">A new wave of romantic scammers are targeting victims on the online game Words With Friends, leaving one Kiwi woman $60,000 out of pocket.  </div> </div> </div> </div> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">The game, owned by American social game developer Zynga, is similar to Scrabble in that players build words in a crossword-style against an opponent online. </p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">Once signed up as a member, a player can send game requests and accept them from others around the world and players can chat to one another. </p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">But that messaging feature is now being used by scammers posing behind fake profiles, who attempt to woo players in the hope they will eventually send them money. </p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph"><em>The Sydney Morning Herald</em><span> </span><a href="http://www.smh.com.au/business/consumer-affairs/romance-scammers-prey-on-players-of-online-scrabble-like-word-game-20180731-p4zuof.html"><em>reported earlier this month</em></a><span> that a scammer using the name Richard Bricks was using a photo of Argentinian actor Juan Soler in his pursuits on Words with Friends. </span></p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">Manager of Fraud Education at the Commission for Financial Capability, Bronwyn Groot, said scammers often told their victims "lots of beautiful things" and sent links to love songs by artists including Celine Dion. </p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">"Their poetry is cut and paste, whether they take it from a Hallmark cards website - I don't know, but you put it into Google and it links it back to tonnes of scams."</p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">The scammers call their victims 'dear' or 'darling', seldom using their first name.  </p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">"Probably because they're running multiple scams and they don't want to get caught out," Groot said.  </p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">The scammers use a similar narrative; they are working on an oil rig overseas, or for the United Nations in places such as Afghanistan or Syria. Some have lost family members, or their wives have died and they are widowed.</p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">Groot said one woman she dealt with, who couldn't be named, lost around $60,000 to a romantic scammer on the Words With Friends game.</p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">"She got an invitation to accept someone's friendship and she didn't accept it, then they reached out again and she didn't accept it, then the third time they said 'why don't you wanna talk to me?' and she said, 'because I don't know you' and that was how the conversation started," Groot said. </p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">"It was only a few months, but it was a few months long enough for her to think he was legitimate and also send him lots of money." </p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">Once somebody gets caught up in a romantic scam it can be really difficult to get out of and often the victim will be in denial, Groot said.</p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">"The lady I was dealing with so desperately wanted to believe it was real," she said. </p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">"It is devastating ... she had sent the money and had no chance of getting it back, then had to face the reality of having lost someone she had a romantic connection with." </p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">It is unclear how many New Zealand Words With Friends players have been targeted, but the game's discussion forums are teeming with warnings and scam stories from players. </p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">One player wrote about her experience  of getting "involved" with another member.</p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">"We 'met' on WWF in April and he used all the sweet talk, when I questioned things, he always had the right answers that seemed to make sense at the time and he was so smooth at convincing me it was all in my head," she wrote.</p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">"I should have listened to my little voice but I am embarrassed to say I was convinced."</p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">The profile which scammed $60,000 from the Kiwi woman is still active on the site and Groot had doubts about whether Zygna was adequately addressing the problem. </p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">Groot's concerns were echoed on the Zygna discussion forums. </p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">"It is disappointing that Zynga appears to do nothing to stop this. Every user I have reported is still active ... I even provided sources of information found," one player wrote. </p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">Detective Senior Sergeant Greg Dalziel, of the High Tech Crime Group, said police regularly received reports of scams but their frequency and the way in which scammers operated varied. </p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">"Sadly there will always be some people who try to use online sites to scam and rip people off for money, and we advise that people always exercise caution when interacting online."</p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">Anyone who believes they are the victim of a crime, in person or online, should report the matter to police, he added.</p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">Zynga was approached<em> </em>for comment but said they were "unable to provide comment at this time". </p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph"><span>HOW TO AVOID BEING FALLING VICTIM TO A ROMANTIC SCAM:</span></p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">- Never send money to someone you've never met. </p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">- Run a reverse Google search of images you are sent to check for previous use. </p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">- Read forums on game sites to stay informed about current scams. </p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph">- Be wary when people profess strong feelings for you early on.</p> <p class="sics-component__html-injector sics-component__story__paragraph"><em>Written by Charlotte Carter. Republished with permission of <a href="https://www.stuff.co.nz/auckland/106254141/romantic-scammers-preying-on-players-of-online-game-words-with-friends">Stuff.co.nz</a>.</em></p>

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The surprising reason you SHOULDN’T be rude to phone scammers

<p>The home phone rang this week. That doesn't happen very often so I knew it would be one of three callers: my mother, my mother-in-law ... or a scam caller.</p> <p>"Hello, is that Mr Hills?" <em>(No, it's not.)</em></p> <p>"I'm calling from Spark.<em> (No, you're not.)</em></p> <p>"I have to tell you that we'll be switching off your broadband in 15 days." <em>(No, you won't.)</em></p> <p>"Do you have a daughter?" <em>(Long pause.)</em></p> <p>Now, <em>that</em> conversation went very ugly, very fast.</p> <p>It is likely that I made a mistake: previously, I've berated scam callers, challenged their integrity, asked them what their mothers would think of their behaviour. Anti-scam watchdog Netsafe says that answering back may provoke the scammers into turning nasty. My number will have been shared on a "harass list".</p> <p>And if that's how they behave towards those who are confident in taking them on, how much more threatening are they towards those who are vulnerable?</p> <p>Phone and email scams are a continuing problem. One victim told how the scammer expressed concern about the condition of his computer, and asked for access.​ "Then all of a sudden, he'd got into my computer and transferred $5000 out of my credit card and into my general banking account."</p> <p>Then this week, 78-year-old retiree Margaret Taylor nearly lost her life savings to a sophisticated phone hoax. Now she's planning to tour rest homes to warn others of the dangers of giving personal details over the telephone.</p> <p>Worst of, the old-style landline that used to connect us to the world has now become the ideal tool for scammers to identify victims – because the people most likely to answer a home phone are old and alone.</p> <p>Banks and telecommunications companies are victims too. Their brands are tarnished by these dishonest and abusive callers, their customers are hurt, and often they will end up picking up the tab for stolen money.</p> <p>That's why the Telecommunications Forum is to launch a formal code this month, in which the big telcos agree to work together to identify, trace and block scam numbers.</p> <p>Chief executive Geoff Thorn tells me it's sometimes costing customers tens of thousands of dollars. "It damages people's trust in the telecommunications industry," he says. "We're doing what we can to block them, but people need to be suspicious. And they need to report these calls to their carrier."</p> <p>That's important, because scam calls will often be routed through several countries and several providers. Scammers are proficient at spoofing phone numbers so a call from some criminal call centre in Eastern Europe or Asia can appear to come from a local number.</p> <p>When telcos blocked one set of fraudulent UK phone numbers recently, the scammers switched to another set of phone numbers that mimicked a British bank.</p> <p>In the case of my call, I reported it to Spark whose very helpful call investigations team were able to trace it back to a United States number – but there the trail went cold. They suspect it was routed through the US from further afield. Nevertheless, they were at least able to block that US number; in the future, the new code will empower them to share that number with other telcos, here and overseas, so collectively they can work to track down the criminal gangs running these scams and hand over their details to police.</p> <p>As for Geoff Thorn, the man representing telcos has got rid of all his landlines – from his office, from his home. "I've taught my mother to use Skype."</p> <p>What are your thoughts? Do you agree with these tips?</p> <p><em>Written by Jonathan Milne. Republished with permission of <a href="http://www.stuff.co.nz/" target="_blank"><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Stuff.co.nz</span></strong></a>.</em></p>

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Take the test: Can you outsmart the scammers?

<p>Just like here in New Zealand, the UK is experiencing an online scam epidemic. But despite 9 in 10 people believing they can spot a fraudulent message in their inbox, only one in 10 scored full marks on this “spot the scam” test.</p> <p>The quiz, developed by the UK government’s “Take Five” campaign to educate the public on the risks of cybercrime, presents you with eight emails and text messages. All you need to do is identify if it’s a scam or the real thing.</p> <p>Give it a go for yourself.</p> <p><iframe src="https://takefive-stopfraud.org.uk/takethetest/" scrolling="yes" frameborder="0" width="636" height="700"></iframe></p> <p>In addition to the test, the Take Five campaign has also issued four tips to help you protect yourself online.</p> <ol> <li><strong>Never give out your PIN </strong>– It’s a no-brainer for most, but it bears reminding. No bank will ever ask you for your pin or password.</li> <li><strong>Protect your financial details</strong> – Only give them out to services you use, trust and expect to be contacted by.</li> <li><strong>Don’t click </strong>– Avoid clicking on any links in an unexpected email or text.</li> <li><strong>Keep personal information private</strong> – If you’re asked to provide personal information, don’t. Instead, contact the company directly using their official email address or phone number.</li> </ol> <p>How did you do on the test? Share your results with us in the comments below!</p>

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How bank staff saved a 90-year-old man from scammers

<p>Overseas scammers who tried to dupe an elderly man out of his savings underestimated the power of community nous.</p> <p>In the past week, police received a report from a 90-year-old man who was very nearly scammed out of significant amounts of money.</p> <p>Senior Sergeant Ian Kerrisk said a company selling holidays contacted the elderly man, telling him he had stayed at one of their motels in 2009, which he had not, and he was due a refund.</p> <p>To get the refund he was told to purchase New World gift vouchers to the value of $500.</p> <p>He was then told that a representative would come to his house and give him a cheque for $2495 that he could claim a tax credit for.</p> <p>"Police went to the elderly man's address and waited for the call, the caller had an accent and stated their representative would not come around until the man had given them the code numbers for the vouchers first.</p> <p>"The male was very insistent and swore at the man. He hung up and another man with an accent then called again and attempted to get the elderly gentleman to give him the voucher code numbers – he too was very aggressive."</p> <p>On the final call police answered the phone and identified themselves but the call went dead straight away, Kerrisk said.</p> <p>"On this occasion it was the good work of the bank staff who realised that something was wrong when the elderly gentleman came to the bank to access his funds. It was bank staff who accompanied him to the Police Station as they were worried that he was about to be scammed and police thank the bank staff for looking out for the victim."</p> <p><strong>If you believe you may be on the receiving end of one of these calls, police advise the following:</strong></p> <ul> <li>Hang up immediately.</li> <li>If it doesn't seem right, be cautious, double-check details first.</li> <li>Look after your personal details in the same way you would your wallet and other possessions: Your personal details are very valuable to scammers, they will use your details to take out loans or run up debts if they can.</li> <li>Be aware of common scams: For example, banks, Immigration New Zealand or Inland Revenue never email, call or text customers to ask for money to be sent using money transfer services. If you receive a request like that, it is a scam.</li> <li>Don't trust anyone who calls you and asks for your financial related information, such as your account details and password.</li> <li>Don't trust anyone that offers you a reward that you have to pay for first.</li> </ul> <p><em>Written by Jo Mckenzie-Mclean. Republished with permission of <a href="http://www.stuff.co.nz/" target="_blank"><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Stuff.co.nz</span></strong></a>. </em></p>

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Everything you need to know about protecting yourself from scams

<p>A brazen attempt by a phone scammer to get remote access to a police computer recently shows that everyone needs to be on the lookout when it comes to online con artists. </p> <p><strong>So, how do they work?</strong></p> <p>Scammers phone up and pretend to offer to help with slow or infected computers. They use the names of well known companies such as Microsoft or Spark to convince targets they are genuine. They often try to get remote access to a victim's device, which would enable them to access a network or computer from another location.</p> <p><strong>What are the scammers after?</strong></p> <p>According to <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="https://www.netsafe.org.nz/can-i-trust-cold-calling-pc-technical-support-companies/" target="_blank">Netsafe they may be trying to get online banking</a></strong></span> or credit card details, and get targets to pay for a fake security check. Sometimes they also ask for personal information such as copies of passports and drivers licences that can be used for identity fraud.</p> <p><strong>How often does this happen?</strong></p> <p>No one really knows, but Netsafe says it gets thousands of reports of this scam. <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="https://www.netsafe.org.nz/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Digital-challenge-and-New-Zealanders.pdf" target="_blank">In 2015 it received 859 reports</a></strong></span> of what was then called the PC doctor scam. In the cases reported to Netsafe in 2015, targets lost nearly $104,000. That was likely to be "just the tip of the iceberg".</p> <p>In the 2015 report, Netsafe acknowledged it was advised of "only a fraction of the total number of online challenges that New Zealanders experience each year". In 2015 it received 6 per cent more requests for advice or support - for a wide range of online issues, not just scams - than it did in 2014. Reporting rates provided an indication of possible trends, it said.</p> <p><strong>Where do the scams originate?</strong></p> <p>Identifying those behind cyber incidents is notoriously difficult, Netsafe says. Caller ID for the PC doctor scammers showed incoming numbers theoretically tracing back to various countries including Egypt, India, Romania, Australia, the Philippines and the US. </p> <p>Other targets reported getting a browser pop-up asking them to call a NZ 0800 number for virus removal that clearly connected to an overseas call centre.</p> <p><strong>What other kinds of scams are there?</strong></p> <p>Among the scams highlighted by Netsafe are:</p> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="https://www.netsafe.org.nz/phishing/" target="_blank">Email phishing</a></strong></span>: The aim of this widespread scam is to get personal information such as bank account numbers and passwords. Usually a large number of people are sent emails in the hope some will fall for the scam.</p> <p>An example is the lottery scam, where people are told they have won a prize, and need to provide some details to claim their winnings. In others, scammers pretend to be lawyers or from the government and threaten legal action if targets don't provide information or money. Netsafe warns that not all phishing scams are obvious, and the scams are becoming more difficult to spot.</p> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="https://www.netsafe.org.nz/fake-invoice-scam/" target="_blank">Fake invoicing</a></strong></span>: Scammers send an invoice - printed or email - that looks like it has come from a legitimate business. The bills are for goods or services that haven't been requested, of for something that doesn't exist such as a fake trade directory. They can also ask for changes to usual billing arrangements.</p> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="https://www.netsafe.org.nz/facebook-trading-scam/" target="_blank">Facebook trading scams</a></strong></span>: These involve scammers posing as sellers on a buy and sell Facebook page or group, or setting up fake business pages. They pretend to have goods or services for sale, but once they're paid they disappear, or buyers are blocked from their sites, or buyers' messages are ignored.</p> <p><strong>What should people do if they are targets of a scam?</strong></p> <p>Recent threats it has warned about on its <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="https://www.cert.govt.nz/" target="_blank">website</a></strong></span> include the <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="https://www.cert.govt.nz/businesses-and-individuals/recent-threats/alert-wannacry-ransomware-used-in-large-scale-international-attacks" target="_blank">WannaCry ransomware</a></strong></span> that involved large scale attacks around the world during May.</p> <p>Ransomeware works by blocking people's access to their computers or files until they pay a ransom.</p> <p>Another recent attack was a <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="https://www.cert.govt.nz/businesses-and-individuals/recent-threats/google-docs-phishing-attack" target="_blank">Google Docs phishing attack</a></strong></span> about a month ago. It involved Gmail users receiving an invitation from a friend in their contact list to join a Google Doc. The link directed users to google.com, while also giving the attacker access to users' email inboxes.</p> <p>As a result, the attacker was able to read, send and delete emails and communicate with users' contacts. Google disabled the attack but by then thousands of people had reported clicking on the link.</p> <p>Have you ever fallen victim to a scam?</p> <p><em>Written by Michael Daly. Republished by permission of <a href="http://www.stuff.co.nz/" target="_blank"><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Stuff.co.nz</span></strong></a>. </em></p>

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How this 64-year-old single woman was scammed out of $100,000

<div class="replay"> <div class="reply_body body linkify"> <div class="reply_body"> <div class="body_text "> <p>A 64-year-old Queensland woman is urging single people to learn from her mistakes after she was swindled out of $100,000 thanks to a sophisticated online scammer.</p> <p>In 2015, Patricia Meister received a Facebook friend request from a handsome, middle-aged Italian businessman named Carlos. She was instantly charmed and the two quickly struck up a relationship.</p> <p>“I’d never been on dating websites, and I only used Facebook for business,” she told <a href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-4999858/Patricia-Meister-scammed-100-000-man-Facebook.html" target="_blank"><em><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Daily Mail Australia</span></strong></em></a>. “So when I got the friend request, I thought it couldn't do any harm, can it?”</p> <p>She added, “I guess at the time, I was going through a period in my life where I felt isolated. I’d been single for a while and I’d never been on dating sites. We started chatting. He was charming, smart and educated. He was very good with English and he was very romantic. I was very much in love with him at one stage.”</p> <p>Carlos, who claimed he was living and working as an interior designer in Brisbane, told Patricia he was of Italian and Scottish heritage.</p> <p>Their romance continued to blossom and they finally decided to start talking over the phone. “When I first spoke to him, I heard his voice but he had a different accent to what I’d expected,” Patricia recalled.</p> <p>“I remember thinking, ‘What is that accent?’ I wasn’t familiar with his accent at the time, but thinking about it now, he was definitely African... He was Nigerian.”</p> <p>Despite her initial doubts, Patricia was too deeply in love to identify the red flags. Eight weeks into their relationship, however, “Carlos” asked to borrow $600 because his credit card wouldn’t work while in Malaysia for his job.</p> <p>“It didn’t feel right but I thought, ‘Well, it’s not a huge amount of money to lose.’ It wasn’t a huge request so I did a wire transfer to him. A part of me thought it was wrong so I questioned him, saying, ‘You’re a businessman, your credit card should work...’ His story didn’t add up.”</p> <p>Then, while trying to return home to Brisbane, “Carlos” claimed his goods had been held up in Malaysian customs.” The first amount I sent him was $7,000,” Patricia explained. “When he went to get the money, he told me he needed another $7,000.”</p> <p>She continued, “Everything he said was backed up by ‘documents’ – and there was always a lawyer in the background when we spoke over the phone. When he tried to pay me back, he said his bank couldn't do the large international transfer so he arranged for a courier to deliver the cash instead.”</p> <p>Patricia continued to send “Carlos” money until his goods had finally been released. But the “fees” didn’t stop there. She was conned out of a total of $100,000.</p> <p>“I got a phone call from someone saying Carlos and his lawyer had been in a serious car accident so they needed money for medical expenses. My stomach dropped to my shoes. I knew at that point, I’d been scammed.”</p> <p>The police could do nothing for her. Now, she’s joined a support group for women in similar situations, and for her, the scariest part was that she never thought she’d become one of “those women”.</p> <p>“I used to hear about the TV stars who were scammed and remembered thinking, ‘How can you send money to someone like that?’” she recalled.</p> <p>“I think I was sort of aware but I had no idea these things could be so complex or how well developed they are. It’s a worldwide business, it’s very difficult to catch them because they’re sitting behind a computer.</p> <p>“People think you’re stupid but they're not walking in our shoes. It’s not a matter of being stupid. Even the most intelligent, educated women are getting scammed.</p> <p>“I know I’ll never get my money back but all you can do is raise awareness. There’s a lot of lonely people out there, the dating websites are riddled with scammers.”</p> <p><em>Image credit: Patricia Meister.</em></p> </div> </div> </div> </div>

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