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Is it okay to kiss your pet? The risk of animal-borne diseases is small, but real

<p><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/sarah-mclean-1351935">Sarah McLean</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/swinburne-university-of-technology-767">Swinburne University of Technology</a> and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/enzo-palombo-249510">Enzo Palombo</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/swinburne-university-of-technology-767">Swinburne University of Technology</a></em></p> <p>Our relationship with pets has changed drastically in recent decades. Pet ownership is at an all-time high, with <a href="https://animalmedicinesaustralia.org.au/media-release/more-than-two-thirds-of-australian-households-now-own-a-pet/">a recent survey</a> finding 69% of Australian households have at least one pet. We spend an estimated A$33 billion every year on caring for our fur babies.</p> <p>While owning a pet is linked to numerous <a href="https://www.onehealth.org/blog/10-mental-physical-health-benefits-of-having-pets">mental and physical health benefits</a>, our pets can also harbour infectious diseases that can sometimes be passed on to us. For most people, the risk is low.</p> <p>But some, such as pregnant people and those with weakened immune systems, are at <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/healthypets/specific-groups/high-risk/index.html">greater risk</a> of getting sick from animals. So, it’s important to know the risks and take necessary precautions to prevent infections.</p> <h2>What diseases can pets carry?</h2> <p>Infectious diseases that move from animals to humans are called zoonotic diseases or <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/onehealth/basics/zoonotic-diseases.html">zoonoses</a>. More than <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3668296/#B18">70 pathogens</a> of companion animals are known to be transmissible to people.</p> <p>Sometimes, a pet that has a zoonotic pathogen may look sick. But often there may be no visible symptoms, making it easier for you to catch it, because you don’t suspect your pet of harbouring germs.</p> <p>Zoonoses can be transmitted directly from pets to humans, such as through contact with saliva, bodily fluids and faeces, or indirectly, such as through contact with contaminated bedding, soil, food or water.</p> <p>Studies suggest <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4500695/">the prevalence of pet-associated zoonoses is low</a>. However, the true number of infections is likely <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/11/3789">underestimated</a> since many zoonoses are not “<a href="https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/notification-of-illness-and-disease">notifiable</a>”, or may have multiple exposure pathways or generic symptoms.</p> <p>Dogs and cats are major reservoirs of zoonotic infections (meaning the pathogens naturally live in their population) caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites. <a href="https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/topics/rabies">In endemic regions in Africa and Asia</a>, dogs are the main source of rabies which is transmitted through saliva.</p> <p>Dogs also commonly carry <em>Capnocytophaga</em> bacteria <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/capnocytophaga/index.html">in their mouths and saliva</a>, which can be transmitted to people through close contact or bites. The vast majority of people won’t get sick, but these bacteria can occasionally cause infections in people with weakened immune systems, <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/capnocytophaga/signs-symptoms/index.html">resulting</a> in severe illness and sometimes death. Just last week, such a death <a href="https://thewest.com.au/news/wa/tracy-ridout-perth-mum-dies-11-days-after-rare-bacterial-infection-from-minor-dog-bite-c-11748887">was reported in Western Australia</a>.</p> <p>Cat-associated zoonoses include a number of illnesses spread by the faecal-oral route, such as giardiasis, campylobacteriosis, salmonellosis and toxoplasmosis. This means it’s especially important to wash your hands or use gloves whenever handling your cat’s litter tray.</p> <p>Cats can also sometimes transmit infections through bites and scratches, including the aptly named <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/healthypets/diseases/cat-scratch.html#:%7E:text=Cat%20scratch%20disease%20(CSD)%20is,the%20surface%20of%20the%20skin.">cat scratch disease</a>, which is caused by the bacterium <em>Bartonella henselae</em>.</p> <p>Both dogs and cats are also reservoirs for <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10122942/">methicillin-resistant bacterium <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em></a> (MRSA), with close contact with pets identified as an important risk factor for zoonotic transmission.</p> <h2>Birds, turtles and fish can also transmit disease</h2> <p>But it’s not just dogs and cats that can spread diseases to humans. Pet birds can occasionally transmit <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/pneumonia/atypical/psittacosis/">psittacosis</a>, a bacterial infection which causes pneumonia. Contact with <a href="https://www.fda.gov/animal-veterinary/animal-health-literacy/pet-turtles-source-germs">pet turtles</a> has been linked to <em>Salmonella</em> infections in humans, particularly in young children. Even pet fish have been linked to a <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/healthypets/pets/fish.html">range of bacterial infections</a> in humans, including vibriosis, mycobacteriosis and salmonellosis.</p> <p>Close contact with animals – and some behaviours in particular – increase the risk of zoonotic transmission. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19398275/">A study from the Netherlands</a> found half of owners allowed pets to lick their faces, and 18% allowed dogs to share their bed. (Sharing a bed increases the duration of exposure to pathogens carried by pets.) The same study found 45% of cat owners allowed their cat to jump onto the kitchen sink.</p> <p>Kissing pets has also been linked to occasional zoonotic infections in pet owners. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3298380/">In one case</a>, a woman in Japan developed meningitis due to <em>Pasteurella multicoda</em> infection, after regularly kissing her dog’s face. These bacteria are often found in the oral cavities of dogs and cats.</p> <p>Young children are also more likely to engage in behaviours which increase their risk of <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/healthypets/specific-groups/high-risk/children.html?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fhealthypets%2Fspecific-groups%2Fchildren.html">getting sick</a> from animal-borne diseases – such as putting their hands in their mouth after touching pets. Children are also less likely to wash their hands properly after handling pets.</p> <p>Although anybody who comes into contact with a zoonotic pathogen via their pet can become sick, certain people are more likely to suffer from serious illness. These people include the young, old, pregnant and immunosuppressed.</p> <p>For example, while most people infected with the toxoplasmosis parasite will experience only mild illness, it can be life-threatening or <a href="https://www.nhs.uk/common-health-questions/pregnancy/what-are-the-risks-of-toxoplasmosis-during-pregnancy/">cause birth defects in foetuses</a>.</p> <h2>What should I do if I’m worried about catching a disease from my pet?</h2> <p>There are a number of good hygiene and pet husbandry practices that can reduce your risk of becoming sick. These include:</p> <ul> <li>washing your hands after playing with your pet and after handling their bedding, toys, or cleaning up faeces</li> <li>not allowing your pets to lick your face or open wounds</li> <li>supervising young children when they are playing with pets and when washing their hands after playing with pets</li> <li>wearing gloves when changing litter trays or cleaning aquariums</li> <li>wetting bird cage surfaces when cleaning to minimise aerosols</li> <li>keeping pets out of the kitchen (especially cats who can jump onto food preparation surfaces)</li> <li>keeping up to date with preventative veterinary care, including vaccinations and worm and tick treatments</li> <li>seeking veterinary care if you think your pet is unwell.</li> </ul> <p>It is especially important for those who are at a higher risk of illness to take precautions to reduce their exposure to zoonotic pathogens. And if you’re thinking about getting a pet, ask your vet which type of animal would best suit your personal circumstances.<img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/210898/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /></p> <p><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/sarah-mclean-1351935">Sarah McLean</a>, Lecturer in environmental health, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/swinburne-university-of-technology-767">Swinburne University of Technology</a> and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/enzo-palombo-249510">Enzo Palombo</a>, Professor of Microbiology, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/swinburne-university-of-technology-767">Swinburne University of Technology</a></em></p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty </em><em>Images </em></p> <p><em>This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/is-it-okay-to-kiss-your-pet-the-risk-of-animal-borne-diseases-is-small-but-real-210898">original article</a>.</em></p>

Family & Pets

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Try these tricks the next time small talk becomes unbearable

<p><strong>Real talk</strong></p> <p>Bonnie Todd runs 250 food tours a year – a job that puts her in contact with hundreds of new people every week. Food-lovers come to her for an introduction to local tastes and flavours. And a large part of what keeps her guests satisfied, and willing to recommend her business to others, is the personal connection she makes with them.</p> <p>“I try to get past the small talk and general recommendations pretty quickly,” says the 42-year-old. “It’s all about finding common ground within the group, and trying to make it a unique experience. So I’m always asking questions. And when I find that spark of commonality, I dig into it.”</p> <p>The practice is key to Todd’s approach because, unlike many tours, hers require people to sit together sharing food and drinks. When groups don’t gel, or never get past the “Where are you from?” stage, what should be a stimulating experience can turn into an awkward and draining couple of hours.</p> <p>We’ve all been there: trapped in a superficial exchange that bounces aimlessly from one meaningless topic to the next. It can make you never want to step foot into another party again. But don’t despair: there are some tactics that can help you turn boring small talk into an energising conversation.</p> <p><strong>Put yourself out there </strong></p> <p>Improv performer Natalie Metcalfe’s job is to keep a scene going – to create an exchange that’s compelling for both the people involved and for a live audience.</p> <p>“In improv, it’s all about offers,” she says, referring to the act of bringing new information into the dialogue. Through these back-and-forths, the relationship between the characters is established and that kicks things off. “It’s the same thing in a regular conversation. You’re constantly making offers to see if you and the person you’re talking to can connect.”</p> <p>An offer in real life can be as simple as complimenting someone on what they’re wearing, and asking them about it. You can try sharing something you recently learned, or an interest you’ve just developed, creating an opening for the other person to ask you a question. Or, you can describe a relatable problem you’re having – a noisy neighbour, a plant that’s not thriving, a question of etiquette – as a prompt for advice, or some cooperative troubleshooting.</p> <p>One of Todd’s go-to approaches is to share a personal story of her own that relates to the other person’s experience. “If I find out someone has been to a place I’ve travelled, I’ll tell them an anecdote about what I did there, and ask them to share their own story.”</p> <p>Of course, putting yourself out there can sometimes feel scary, even when you’re not on stage. But Misha Glouberman, who runs a course called How to Talk to People About Things, says taking that leap pays off.  “A lot of the time in conversations, there’s something we’re interested in, but there’s a part of us that doesn’t want to take the risk of revealing it because we think it might be boring or inappropriate.” But the result of following those internal cues of fascination has the opposite effect, he says. “People like learning about other people’s interests. So be more open about yours, and a little more curious about theirs as well.”</p> <p><strong>Be inquisitive and listen </strong></p> <p>Radio interviewer Terry Gross once said, that the only icebreaker you’ll ever need is, “Tell me about yourself.” Instead of asking a pointed question like “What do you do?”, this type of open question gives someone a chance to offer up a topic they might be more excited to discuss.</p> <p>“Talking about yourself is really pleasurable. It activates the exact same hormone in your brain as sex,” says Celeste Headlee, the author of We Need to Talk: How to Have Conversations That Matter. “Another tip you can take from neuroscience is that if you start a conversation by allowing someone to feel good about themselves, then they’ll be more open to new ideas and new thoughts for the rest of the conversation.”</p> <p>Of course, upping your curiosity quotient needs to be paired with actually paying attention to the answer. “Listening is hard for homo sapiens. It’s not something our species does easily,” says Headlee.</p> <p>Indeed, people often start crafting their response before the person they’re talking to has finished speaking. Or they’ll get distracted, thinking about an email they forgot to answer. Since a great conversation is by definition a two-way street, these habits have the effect of ending one before it can even begin. Intentional listening, on the other hand, is a key to an empathetic, engaging dialogue.</p> <p><strong>Use disagreement wisely </strong></p> <p>According to Headlee, one of the other things that gets in the way of a meaningful conversation is the all-too-human need to be right. “A really common mistake is the ‘well, actually’ response,” she says, referring to that deflating moment when a person lets their need to correct you about a small detail you’ve just mentioned get in the way of continuing a story. “Google has made this worse,” she adds. “You’ll say, I went to the hotel with the largest patio in the entire world, and while you’re still talking, the person is already on their phone looking to see if that’s actually true.”</p> <p>But while trivial arguments can be an obstacle to a good conversation, Glouberman points out that differences of opinion can also help propel a chat into richer territory. “We assume that the world is just as we see it, that we see it directly,” he says. “But of course all of psychology and neuroscience tells us that’s not the case.”</p> <p>A respectful disagreement, if the other party is open to it, is a great opportunity to enrich your view of the world by understanding someone else’s.</p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p> <p><em>This article originally appeared on <a href="https://www.readersdigest.co.nz/uncategorized/try-these-tricks-the-next-time-small-talk-becomes-unbearable" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Reader's Digest</a>. </em></p>

Relationships

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Small town's Christmas display dubbed the "worst in history"

<p>The Port Macquarie Council have been widely roasted online after the unveiling of their Christmas tree display, which has been dubbed the "worst in history".</p> <p>Families and community members turned out by the hundreds to see NSW Central Coast town light up its Christmas tree last week, which was met with a very mixed reaction. </p> <p>The long-anticipated reveal, which forced onlookers to wait until midnight for the lights to be turned on, was met with a chorus of disappointed sighs as the underwhelming tree was finally illuminated. </p> <p>Families expecting a glowing symbol of Christmas cheer were instead treated to a sight of Christmas gloom with sad looking fairy light strings barely clinging onto the huge pine tree's branches. </p> <p>Port Macquarie Hastings Council took the disappointment in its stride, mocking its own tree with an 'Instagram vs Reality' meme on Facebook.  </p> <p><iframe style="border: none; overflow: hidden;" src="https://www.facebook.com/plugins/post.php?href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fpmhcouncil%2Fposts%2Fpfbid02tkGEispQKQLt4tsc5X3VP8iUQTyp2AFyMqLc1sQKw2CKZdGxsNHJKfSfCXVywhPVl&amp;show_text=true&amp;width=500" width="500" height="677" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe></p> <p>"What can we say except ... you're welcome," the council wrote on Friday, alongside a smirk face emoji. </p> <p>"With everything our community has been through recently, we know everyone appreciates a good laugh!"</p> <p>"We are glad our very sad Christmas tree could provide that for everyone."</p> <p>"So let's be real. Our poor tree does look like it was decorated by Santa after he's whizzed around the world and had too many eggnogs."</p> <p>The council said its tree decoration was done with "the best of intentions" however "extraordinary winds and rain" had destroyed the lights. </p> <p>"Just like the rest of us - she's battered and bruised, but she's still standing," they said. </p> <p>Just days after the tree lights were turned on, the council confirmed it needed to strip the sad looking tree because it had become a "safety risk" to locals.</p> <p>"We have enjoyed your good humour and appreciation of our abstract piece of art," the council joked.</p> <p>"Unfortunately, the infamous lights will be removed, as they are slipping further down the tree and pose a safety risk and we are concerned if we leave the inflatable baubles up, we may not have any left by Christmas."</p> <p>Port Macquarie Hastings Mayor Peta Pinson later said the council was working hard to install their "original outdoor tree will be installed and working for everyone's enjoyment well before Christmas".</p> <p>"Again, I am so thankful to the community for coming and celebrating. Merry Christmas to our wonderful, witty and resilient community," she said.</p> <p><em>Image credits: Facebook</em></p>

Travel Trouble

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10 of the smallest islands in the world

<p><strong>It’s a big mistake to overlook these small islands</strong></p> <p>Jetting off to an idyllic island sounds pretty perfect at any time, but perhaps even more so right now. With everything that’s going on in the world, the idea of escaping to a virtually hidden spot with a leisurely pace, fresh air, and an absence of crowds is more appealing than ever. As many people start reframing the way they think about the future of travel, the words “small” and “remote” are becoming positives. These tiny islands prove that big things (aka memorable holidays) come in small packages. Scroll on to get inspired for future trips.</p> <p><strong>Corvo Island, Azores</strong></p> <p>Approximately 1609 kilometres west of mainland Portugal in the mid-Atlantic sits a chain of nine islands known as the Azores, which has gained the attention of travellers in recent years. To the north of São Miguel, the largest and most populous island in the archipelago, lies a ruggedly beautiful, serene, and isolated destination that revels in its relative obscurity. Corvo Island is a 11.2-square-kilometre spit with just 400 inhabitants, three restaurants, and five accommodations. Despite its small scale, Corvo Island delivers ample adventure, and the verdant, rolling, volcanic landscape invites endless exploration. Fishing, swimming in freshwater lakes, bird watching, and crater hiking number among the pilgrimage-worthy activities. It’s also a lovely place to relish some well-deserved solitude and introspection.</p> <p><strong>Sea Lion Island, Falkland Islands</strong></p> <p>Floating in the South Atlantic Ocean, 342 kilometres away from the southeast tip of Argentina, the Falkland Islands are the definition of remote. One of the southernmost settlements in the distant archipelago, Sea Lion Island is a prime spot for wilderness tourism. Designated as a National Nature Reserve in 2017, this 5.6-square-kilometre dot boasts an abundance of wildlife – including five species of penguins, sea lions, elephant seals, giant petrels, and killer whales – and only a handful of permanent residents. It requires a minimum of three flights to reach Sea Lion Island from the mainland. (Thankfully, there’s a cosy lodge to spend the night.) Alternatively, it’s possible to plan a guided excursion from nearby East Falkland or take a multi-day cruise.</p> <p><strong>Bishop Rock, Isles of Scilly</strong></p> <p>Rising from the turbulent waters of the Atlantic Ocean, 6.4km west of the Isles of Scilly, Bishop Rock is the most south-westerly point in Britain. Measuring a measly 0.0011844 square kilometres, Men Epskop (as it’s known in Cornish) held the title of the “smallest inhabited island” until its famous iron lighthouse was converted to automatic operation and the last keeper left in 1991. These days, Bishop Rock isn’t without accolades. It’s still the “smallest island with a building on it,” according to Guinness World Records. To satisfy the ongoing public interest, the St. Mary’s Boatmen’s Association runs regular trips during peak season.</p> <p><strong>Isla Mujeres, Mexico</strong></p> <p>Sitting ever so calmly at the convergence of the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico, Isla Mujeres (Spanish for “Island of Women”) feels blissfully removed from the hustle, bustle, booze-fuelled debauchery, and hard-partying antics of nearby Cancún. This sleepy little isle trades nightclubs that blare techno music for breezy beach bars and a low-key yet vibrant downtown area. Isla Mujeres also promises sandy shores, casual seafood eateries, local artisan shops, excellent snorkelling, and a turtle sanctuary. Since it’s only eight kilometres long and 800 metres wide at its widest point, a car isn’t necessary (or even recommended). The best way to get around? Golf cart, moped, bicycle, or your own two feet.</p> <p><strong>Little St. Simons Island, Georgia, USA</strong></p> <p>A sliver of unspoiled paradise, little St. Simons Island is a private 4,500-hectare barrier island off the coast of Georgia, in the US. Widely touted as one of the most beautiful and least developed of The Peach State’s fabled Golden Isles, this treasure tempts travellers with 11 kilometres of unblemished beaches, giant cedar trees, and diverse wildlife. The sole accommodation, The Lodge on Little St. Simons Island, has six quaint cottages. It also offers a wide array of naturalist-led activities, such as bird watching and guided nature walks.</p> <p><strong>Fox Island, Alaska</strong></p> <p>Located off the coast of Seward, Fox Island is widely regarded as the crown jewel of Alaska’s Resurrection Bay. Envision imposing mountains, pebble beaches, sheltered coves, and glimmering glaciers. The raw beauty of this 5.47-kilometres-long parcel has inspired many visitors. Of course, outdoor adventure comes with the territory, too. Fox Island’s legendary peaks beckon hiking enthusiasts. And sea kayaking, salmon fishing, and wildlife peeping are also popular pastimes – especially in late spring and early summer. Starting in mid-May, humpback whales feed on herring in Resurrection Bay for almost a month. Soon thereafter, pods of orcas claim the clear waters for mating.</p> <p><strong>Dangar Island, Australia</strong></p> <p>Situated just north of Sydney, Dangar Island is a 29-hectare stretch of land in the Hawkesbury River that’s almost entirely forested. Roughly 250 people live on this leafy little gem that’s beloved for its car-free roads, waterfront houses, beaches, aboriginal rock carvings, gorgeous views, and laid-back vibe. Though most residents would probably prefer the many charms of Dangar Island to remain under wraps, holidaymakers and urbanites have taken notice. As such, the number of locals surges during peak season, when many folks hop on the ferry from the town of Brooklyn in New South Wales in an attempt to trade city life for more peaceful, pastoral pleasures.</p> <p><strong>Just Enough Room Island, New York, USA</strong></p> <p>Part of the Thousand Islands archipelago, between New York and Ontario, Just Enough Room Island covers a mere 1005 square metres – making it the “smallest inhabited island.” So, what could possibly fit on a plot that’s the size of a tennis court? Well, it seems to be just enough room for a cosy cottage, a tree, some shrubs, and an itsy-bitsy beach. While you can’t actually step foot on this privately-owned patch (the Sizeland family purchased it as a holiday sanctuary back in the 1950s), ogling from a boat while cruising along the Saint Lawrence River is fair game.</p> <p><strong>Simping Island, Indonesia</strong></p> <p>Indonesia consists of a staggering 17,508 volcanic islands of various shapes and sizes. Simping Island (previously called Pulau Kelapa Dua), in the province of West Kalimantan, is the smallest with a total width of 0.5 hectares. At first glance, it appears to be nothing more than a mound of sand, stone, and several trees bobbing in calm waves. But its diminutive proportions haven’t deterred visitors from going there to pray and even erecting a shrine. To that end, the most intriguing and unexpected element on this otherwise unassuming skerry is a Chinese temple. A locally built pedestrian footbridge means easy access for worshipers and day-trippers alike.</p> <p><strong>Saba, Netherlands Antilles</strong></p> <p>The smallest island in the Netherlands Antilles, Saba measures 13 square kilometres and has a population of around 2000, so it tends to fly under the radar. Unlike most of its Caribbean neighbours, Saba doesn’t have picture-perfect beaches. But what this pyramid-shaped isle lacks in size and sandy shoreline, it more than makes up for in lush rainforests. The chance to trek Mt Scenery, a dormant volcano and the highest point in the Kingdom of the Netherlands, is another major selling point. Favour aquatic adventures? Turquoise tides and colourful marine life provide incredible opportunities for scuba diving.</p> <p><em><span id="docs-internal-guid-a7dd37e6-7fff-5959-368c-94f31c038487">Written by Lindsay Cohn. This article first appeared in <a href="https://www.readersdigest.com.au/culture/10-of-the-smallest-islands-in-the-world" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Reader’s Digest</a>. For more of what you love from the world’s best-loved magazine, <a href="http://readersdigest.innovations.com.au/c/readersdigestemailsubscribe?utm_source=over60&amp;utm_medium=articles&amp;utm_campaign=RDSUB&amp;keycode=WRA87V" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here’s our best subscription offer.</a></span></em></p> <p><em>Image: Getty Images</em></p>

International Travel

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Blockheads’ four tips for living large in a small space

<p dir="ltr">While many of us dream of having ample room in our homes, the reality for many of us is that our spaces are more compact than we may like.</p> <p dir="ltr">But, this doesn’t mean we can’t have our homes renovated or decorated as we’d like them - it all comes down to being savvy with the space we have.</p> <p><span id="docs-internal-guid-e3b7912a-7fff-eae3-b58a-bc823e196a42">For Brad and Lara Cranfield, who claimed victory in the 2012 season of <em>The Block Australia</em>, making conscious design choices helped them in renovating their dream house in Byron Bay and transforming it from a shack to a spacious home.</span></p> <blockquote class="instagram-media" style="background: #FFF; border: 0; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: 0 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.5),0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); margin: 1px; max-width: 540px; min-width: 326px; padding: 0; width: calc(100% - 2px);" data-instgrm-captioned="" data-instgrm-permalink="https://www.instagram.com/p/B4ZWkZ1FTJJ/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" data-instgrm-version="14"> <div style="padding: 16px;"> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: row; align-items: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;"> </div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;"> </div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;"> </div> </div> </div> <div style="padding: 19% 0;"> </div> <div style="display: block; height: 50px; margin: 0 auto 12px; width: 50px;"> </div> <div style="padding-top: 8px;"> <div style="color: #3897f0; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 550; line-height: 18px;">View this post on Instagram</div> </div> <div style="padding: 12.5% 0;"> </div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: row; margin-bottom: 14px; align-items: center;"> <div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(0px) translateY(7px);"> </div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; height: 12.5px; transform: rotate(-45deg) translateX(3px) translateY(1px); width: 12.5px; flex-grow: 0; margin-right: 14px; margin-left: 2px;"> </div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(9px) translateY(-18px);"> </div> </div> <div style="margin-left: 8px;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 20px; width: 20px;"> </div> <div style="width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 2px solid transparent; border-left: 6px solid #f4f4f4; border-bottom: 2px solid transparent; transform: translateX(16px) translateY(-4px) rotate(30deg);"> </div> </div> <div style="margin-left: auto;"> <div style="width: 0px; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-right: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(16px);"> </div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; flex-grow: 0; height: 12px; width: 16px; transform: translateY(-4px);"> </div> <div style="width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-left: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(-4px) translateX(8px);"> </div> </div> </div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center; margin-bottom: 24px;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 224px;"> </div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 144px;"> </div> </div> <p style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px; margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 8px 0 7px; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 17px; text-decoration: none;" href="https://www.instagram.com/p/B4ZWkZ1FTJJ/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" target="_blank" rel="noopener">A post shared by Brad and Lara Cranfield (@bradandlara_theblock)</a></p> </div> </blockquote> <p dir="ltr">“Our house was in its original 1960’s condition when we purchased it. There were small rooms everywhere – an entry foyer, a lounge room and a pokey kitchen and dining room – so we knew that we had to open it up to increase the light, space and make it family-friendly,” Lara says.</p> <p dir="ltr">If you’re looking to achieve something similar in your home, Lara and Brad have shared their four top tips for making the most of your space, even when it’s compact.</p> <p dir="ltr"><strong>Be selective of flooring details</strong></p> <p dir="ltr">For Lara and Brad, selecting a light colour and the direction of their flooring was a key to helping open up their space.</p> <p><span id="docs-internal-guid-e27ad509-7fff-0856-9c49-7df598429dbd"></span></p> <p dir="ltr">The Carpet Court ambassadors chose light brown flooring that complemented their ‘beachy’ aesthetic, while also being within their budget and opening up their rooms.</p> <p dir="ltr"><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/11/b4-after1.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p dir="ltr">“By selecting lighter flooring, we were able to visually open each room, particularly smaller areas such as the bedrooms and home office, making each look and feel larger,” Lara explains.</p> <p dir="ltr">“Installing the flooring so that it ran along the length of each room was critical in visually elongating the rooms, making them appear larger.” </p> <p dir="ltr"><strong>Open up with your windows</strong></p> <p dir="ltr">Even if you’re working with limited space, taking advantage of windows can help make your home feel larger than it really is.</p> <p dir="ltr">“Windows play an important role in opening up a space – from letting in natural light to drawing the eye upwards or towards the outdoors – so how they are dressed needs to be carefully considered,” Lara says.</p> <p dir="ltr">To take advantage of their high ceilings, Lara and Brad installed floor-to-ceiling window shades and opted for a thin track system to create a simple, sleek look.</p> <p dir="ltr">Another option is to add in a skylight or install larger windows, with the couple suggesting those that are floor-to-ceiling to maximise natural light entering your spaces.</p> <p dir="ltr">“Ensuring your home has enough access to natural light is essential in helping it feel spacious, bright, and open,” Lara adds. </p> <p dir="ltr"><strong>Take to the walls</strong></p> <p dir="ltr">Along with more light and light flooring, busting out the paint on your walls and ceilings can work in tandem to open up your home.</p> <p dir="ltr">“Using light coloured paint on the walls and ceiling will also help maximise the space and work alongside the natural light to brighten your home,” Lara says.</p> <p dir="ltr"><span id="docs-internal-guid-62ee793f-7fff-2255-bedc-fe0fa2297da1"></span></p> <p dir="ltr">If you opt for a darker paint, less natural light will be reflected within the home and artificial light will be muted.</p> <p dir="ltr"><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/11/b4-after2.jpg" alt="" width="1280" height="720" /></p> <p dir="ltr">Rearranging your walls altogether - if it’s in your budget - is another dramatic way to change the space inside your home.</p> <p dir="ltr">After eliminating some of the walls in their home, Lara and Brad turned their series of small rooms into an open plan living area - with dramatic results.</p> <p dir="ltr">“To maximise space, we knocked down all adjoining walls to create a large, open plan living area. As some of the walls were load bearing, we had to add ceiling beams,” Lara explains.</p> <p dir="ltr">“Eliminating these walls has changed the way that we live – I can now see where the family is and what they’re up to, which is great when you have young children.”</p> <p dir="ltr"><strong>Balance furniture and clutter</strong></p> <p dir="ltr">After picking your flooring, changing your physical spaces and updating the paint, all that’s left is to decorate, which can also be done strategically.</p> <p dir="ltr"><span id="docs-internal-guid-2da02e3c-7fff-3da7-ad07-ceadb52b1d95"></span></p> <p dir="ltr">Lara suggests scaling the size of your furniture to your spaces and removing unnecessary items to minimise clutter, and even considering built-in furniture.</p> <p dir="ltr"><img src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/2022/11/after1.jpg" alt="" /></p> <p dir="ltr">“Make sure that you select the right scale furniture for a space – and that doesn’t always mean including small items for small rooms! Large furnishings can still be put into a small room. And remember, less is more, so if a room is cluttered make sure you declutter and take any unnecessary items out,” she says.</p> <p dir="ltr">“You also want your room to be functional – you may create a beautiful room on paper, however in reality it doesn’t always work. Built-in furniture, like a banquette with storage or a coffee table that works as a box, allows you to enjoy the room and your home free of unnecessary clutter.”</p> <p dir="ltr"><span id="docs-internal-guid-5b1c6e44-7fff-55e3-173b-2f2561fd2da6"></span></p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Images: Instagram / Depthfield Photography - Michael Lean</em></p>

Home Hints & Tips

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Small gestures are most important in relationships

<p>It’s not grand gestures and lavish gifts that make love last but the little things that you do and say that show how much you care.  </p> <p>The Enduring Love project by Open University in Britain surveyed more than 5,000 people on their relationships and found, contrary to popular belief, it’s not big displays of love that count but the mundane, day-to-day gestures, like sharing a cup of coffee, that helped sustain a relationship and were crucial to relationship satisfaction.</p> <p>“Surprise gifts and small acts of kindness were valued highly, with ‘a cup of tea’ being singled out as a significant sign of their partner's appreciation.</p> <p>Bouquets of flowers and boxes of chocolates were seen as less important than the thoughtfulness behind the gesture,” the study states.</p> <p>Jacqui Gabb, co-author of the project, noted, “Actions really do speak louder than words and many people consider a loving gesture to be as valuable as hearing ‘I love you’.</p> <p>Grand romantic gestures, although appreciated, don't nurture a relationship as much as bringing your partner a cup of tea in bed, or watching TV together.”</p> <p>The project identified sharing values, faith, beliefs, tastes, ambitions and interests with their partner, as well as expressions of intimacy and being aware of one another’s needs as important to relationship satisfaction.</p> <p>It also found having children affected relationship quality more than any other factor and mothers are happiest in their life than any other group.</p> <p>Co-author Janet Fink said: "With a tough economic climate, the rise in grey divorce and social media opening up new ways to start affairs, it isn't always easy to keep love alive today.</p> <p>"However, our survey has shown that surviving adversities – even very difficult situations such as being out of work – can make a relationship much stronger. What doesn't break you can make you."</p> <p><em>Image: Shutterstock</em></p>

Relationships

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Did Dad book us into a doghouse by mistake?

<p>There are some things in life that you can’t leave up to dads alone and booking the accomodation for the family holiday is one of them.</p> <p>Kylie Keefe’s dad was trusted with the difficult task and accidentally made a huge mistake. He somehow managed to book a tiny house for the family of 4 grown adults and two big dogs.</p> <p>Sharing the funny mishap on TikTok, which has been viewed over 29 million times, Kylie said: “So my dad rented this Airbnb for four people and two dogs for four nights.”</p> <blockquote class="tiktok-embed" style="max-width: 605px; min-width: 325px;" cite="https://www.tiktok.com/@kyliekeefe2/video/7130339777303498030" data-video-id="7130339777303498030"> <section><a title="@kyliekeefe2" href="https://www.tiktok.com/@kyliekeefe2" target="_blank" rel="noopener">@kyliekeefe2</a> so my dad rented this Airbnb for four people and 2 dogs for two nights <a title="fyp" href="https://www.tiktok.com/tag/fyp" target="_blank" rel="noopener">#fyp</a> <a title="airbnb" href="https://www.tiktok.com/tag/airbnb" target="_blank" rel="noopener">#airbnb</a> <a title="tinyhome" href="https://www.tiktok.com/tag/tinyhome" target="_blank" rel="noopener">#tinyhome</a> <a title="♬ original sound - Kylie Keefe" href="https://www.tiktok.com/music/original-sound-7130339750841617198" target="_blank" rel="noopener">♬ original sound - Kylie Keefe</a></section> </blockquote> <p>Viewers have compared the property to a child’s dollhouse and some even suggested they’d all have to sleep standing up.</p> <p>"That's the dog house," one person commented, while another added: "I'm sure Dad is bragging about how good of a deal he got."</p> <p>Kylie’s stepmum, Erika, shared a tiny house tour, showing a double bed on a mezzanine level as well as two “pullout chairs” which were expected to turn into beds.</p> <p>The property managers of the tiny house, ACL Tiny Houses, later confirmed that Kylie’s dad had accidentally booked for two people instead of four.</p> <p>However the listing said it “sleeps three comfortably”. There are also two other tiny houses nearby that can be booked on the same property.</p> <p>Kylie confirmed that the actual Airbnb was very cute and they were simply laughing at their dad’s mistake.</p> <p><em>Image: TikTok</em></p>

Real Estate

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14 smart small yard landscaping ideas

<p><strong>Leave some space</strong></p> <p>When considering landscaping ideas for a small yard, remember to leave space. It’s easy to overcrowd things and inadvertently create a claustrophobic effect. Here, a seating area has a clear view to the garden, courtesy of a small patch of grass and some unobstructed hardscaping.</p> <p><strong>Layered landscape</strong></p> <p>An easy backyard idea for small yards is to create a layered landscape – just like in nature. Think of a forest with low groundcovers, ferns, shade-tolerant understory shrubs and trees, and the tall overhead trees. You can do the same thing with your small yard landscaping! Use things like groundcovers, bulbs and crevice plants to create a beautiful layered landscape, while maximising your flower bed space!</p> <p><strong>Walls and fences</strong></p> <p>Sure, you want your small yard landscaping to include privacy, so why not utilise surrounding structures like walls and fences? For this small yard idea, vines are the perfect answer – just be sure to pick one that’s not invasive or a garden thug.</p> <p><strong>Vertical gardens</strong></p> <p>A popular trend in small yard ideas is to garden vertically. There are many off-the-shelf products that allow you to grow plants vertically, such as the wall planters seen here. Or you can create something yourself. Either way it creates gardening space out of thin air.</p> <p><strong>Hanging planters</strong></p> <p>Another clever way to maximise space is with hanging planters.</p> <p><strong>Window boxes</strong></p> <p>A more traditional way of maximising gardening space is with window boxes. Naturally, you can attach them beneath your windows. But other small yard ideas include placing them on a porch, around the perimeter of a patio, or hanging from a deck railing.</p> <p><strong>Dwarf plants</strong></p> <p>Growers are continually introducing new cultivars with special characteristics. One of those is a dwarf habit. When considering landscaping ideas, you can grow a tree that matures at 30cm or 25 metres. When you choose the former, you end up with enough space to add companion plants.</p> <p><strong>Columnar plants</strong></p> <p>While you’re considering size and growth characteristics, think about habit as well. Columnar plants, such as this upright pear cultivar, grow straight up. There’s more room to the side, and more light at the bottom for a greater variety of plants. And yet you still get the blooms and the fruit. Win-win!</p> <p><strong>Trailing plants</strong></p> <p>Here’s another shape that will help when looking for landscaping ideas for a small yard. You can run trailing plants down the side of a planter, as seen here, or let them trail from the top of a wall. Either way maximises space and softens a hard surface to help it blend into the landscape.</p> <p><strong>Crevice plants</strong></p> <p>Crevices are ubiquitous to most gardens, so you might as well make use of them. Sedum and other succulents such as Sempervivum are perfect for these spots, which are often on the lean and dry side. They make the space prettier and the hard surfaces less imposing.</p> <p><strong>Narrow spots</strong></p> <p>Along with crevices, most gardens have narrow strips that lack soil and moisture. Rather than fighting the conditions, work with them. One of the small yard ideas you can implement is to plant some tough, vining groundcovers and let them sprawl over the area. Use ivy in shady areas, succulents in sunny spots. A mulch of gravel is a nice low-maintenance addition that keeps plant foliage clean.</p> <p><strong>Containers</strong></p> <p>Let’s not forget containers when thinking about small yard landscaping. They’re more popular than ever – and not just because they maximise gardening space. Containers add greatly to a garden’s character. They allow you to show off your favourite plants. And if you coordinate their colour and arrange them in odd numbers, you create a dashing focal point.</p> <p><strong>Lawn substitute</strong></p> <p>As you saw earlier, a small lawn can be helpful to a small-space garden because it opens up the area and makes it feel less claustrophobic. Well, if you’re not going to be walking on the lawn all the time, you might consider substituting a groundcover. You not only avoid mowing, you also integrate the area into the landscape. With a groundcover, your lawn becomes the garden.</p> <p><strong>Bonsai and miniature garden</strong></p> <p>The smallest yard in the world has room for a garden when the plants are miniaturised. Examples include bonsai, miniature fairy gardens and terrariums. Although usually kept indoors in cold climates, they can holiday outside for the summer in a protected location where they’re not exposed to too much direct sunlight.</p> <p><em><span id="docs-internal-guid-10109d2b-7fff-55c9-ef0b-3a37aaae3da9">Written by Luke Miller. This article first appeared in <a href="https://www.readersdigest.co.nz/food-home-garden/gardening-tips/14-smart-small-yard-landscaping-ideas" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Reader’s Digest</a>. For more of what you love from the world’s best-loved magazine, <a href="http://readersdigest.innovations.co.nz/c/readersdigestemailsubscribe?utm_source=over60&amp;utm_medium=articles&amp;utm_campaign=RDSUB&amp;keycode=WRA87V" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here’s our best subscription offer.</a></span></em></p> <p><em>Image: Getty Images</em></p>

Home & Garden

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10 small (but effective!) ways to slay social anxiety

<p><strong>What is social anxiety?</strong></p><p>If you have an extreme fear of being judged in social situations, if you have a sadistic focus on all the things that can go wrong – nervously blurting out everything you never wanted to say aloud just to fill conversational lulls, or if you scrutinise all the awkward things you think you did or said after the fact, you could have social anxiety. A little social anxiety is normal for everyone, but when it becomes abnormal, it’s a self-serving narcissist hell-bent on your full attention. Social anxiety is especially tough to manage because it’s not just one thing. And it’s a bit contradictory – you have a general distaste for peopling, but also an internal need for … people. But on your terms, and in limited doses.</p><p>Social anxiety is contagious. Sort of. Researchers are learning that anxiety disorders run in families, and that they have a biological basis, much like allergies and diabetes. Anxiety disorders typically develop from a complex set of risk factors that include genetics, brain chemistry, personality, and life experiences. Anxiety, which is equally common among men and women, typically begins around age 13. Anxiety disorders are highly treatable, yet only about one-third of those with a disorder receive treatment.​</p><p>All of this supports a rationale for keeping a blank social calendar from an underground doomsday bunker. However, you can get out there and actually enjoy it! Here’s how.</p><p><strong>Throw a counterpunch</strong></p><p>Do not give in to what the anxiety is driving you to do. Instead, acknowledge it, and say, “Hey, inner angst, I’m the shot caller and I came to party!” Whatever it is that counters the anxiety, do it. Each time you parry your fear, you are ‘rewiring’ your brain and weakening anxiety’s hold on you. According to clinical professor of psychology, Dr Robert Leahy, social anxiety that’s left untreated is associated with an increased risk for alcohol abuse, depression, loneliness, decreased occupational advancement and the increased likelihood of remaining single. That’s no way to live! And that’s why it’s so important to feel and face your anxiety. You can actually do things while anxious and realise that nothing bad happens.</p><p><strong>Expose yourself</strong></p><p>Many studies demonstrate the success of exposure-based therapies for anxiety disorders, according to a large research review Dr Johanna S. Kaplan and Dr David F. Tolin, published in Psychiatric Times. We tend to avoid what frightens us and, in turn, are frightened by what we avoid. To begin to remedy this negative cycle, you can safely expose yourself to your triggers by creating an exposure hierarchy. Write down scenarios that cause you anxiety in order of severity. Perform the easiest behaviour first, and gradually move down the list. Your hierarchy might start with asking a stranger for directions and end with asking your boss for a raise. It doesn’t matter if your boss laughs you out the door. It matters that you actually asked. Social anxiety wants you timid and poor, but you can outsmart it.</p><p><strong>Play reporter</strong></p><p>According to therapist, Mark Tyrell, asking questions makes for great social lubricant when you otherwise have nothing to say in a social setting. Ask open-ended questions such as, “How do you know the host?” Alternatively, try soliciting advice, asking something like, “Anyone seen any good movies lately?” Ask follow-up questions that take the conversation deeper. Asking where the restroom or vodka is located, or when the party ends doesn’t count.</p><p><strong>Give yourself license to chill</strong></p><p>The more you worry and let anxiety rule your life, the more you wire your brain to continue worrying and being anxious – and the more you mentally link anxiety to specific places or events. In Psychology Today, Dr Eric R. Maisel, suggests using a visualisation technique to lessen anxiety: create a mental picture of relaxing. It could be at a beach sunset, watching trees gently sway in a breeze, leaves falling silently in your backyard. It could be the rhythmic swaying of a hammock under a blue sky with the chirping of birds in the background. When you visualise relaxing, try to engage your other senses as well. What does the place smell and feel like? What do you hear? Do it every day for long enough that it becomes as natural as staring at your smartphone.</p><p><strong>Plug your nose</strong></p><p>Try alternate nostril breathing, or yogic breathing. This is a simple, natural breathing technique from Ayurvedic medicine that brings the body and mind into a state of balance and neutrality. It’s been used by elite athletes for decades for managing stress and anxiety. Close one nostril by placing your thumb gently over it. Exhale; then inhale through the uncovered nostril. After each inhale/exhale (a breath cycle), switch sides. Then, leading with your out-breath, do one out-breath followed by one in-breath through each nostril. Repeat this series, alternating nostrils after each inhalation. It will likely be easier to breathe through one nostril than the other – that’s normal.</p><p><strong>Pump-up your jam</strong></p><p>According to Dr Lisa Legault using self-affirmations actually produces measurable results. Pick a mantra, slogan, or verse to psych yourself up for an event, a performance, or just to walk into a party without sweating. Psalm 55:22 is an example of calming scripture: “Cast your cares on the Lord and he will sustain you; he will never let the righteous be shaken.” Or take your inspiration from AC/DC’s lyric: “For those about to rock, we salute you.” Find your own song or chant that calms or inspires confidence as you head to a gathering or performance. Remember, anticipation of a worrisome social situation is usually worse than the actual event.</p><p><strong>Silence 'Boo'</strong></p><p>Boo is the cruel cynic in your head constantly booing you – filling you with worry and doubt. Like the caricature of a critical mother-in-law, but invisible. Counter Boo’s negative rants with truths such as, “you are more than capable of nailing the upcoming marathon/wedding toast/hostage negotiation,” “there are at least as many reasons things will go right for you,” and “you are competent, skilled, and deserve to be happy! Psychologist Dr Ben Martin presents four main types of challenging questions to ask yourself every time you have a negative thought: (1) what evidence do you have for this thinking? (2) Are there any other ways you could look at this situation? (3) Is this situation as bad as you’re making it out to be? And, (4) What can you do to help yourself solve the problem or to feel better?</p><p><strong>Stop giving a #%@! what others think</strong></p><p>Social anxiety is tied to feelings of being judged. But the truth is that the judgements and opinions of others have no reflection on your worth or talents. Social anxiety treatment includes learning to be flawed, while at the same time rejecting the need for approval from external sources. Being a perfectionist is fine in rocket science, but not in real life. According to an American Psychological Association study, we consistently overestimate how much, and how badly, others think of us, causing us to be more inhibited and less impulsive and happy than we could be.</p><p><strong>Press a lever for a snack</strong></p><p>Rather than berating yourself after each social interaction, reward yourself instead. Not with rounds of tequila or tattoos. But commend yourself for attending the event, for being present, and for facing down your anxiety. Each time you counter your anxiety, you whittle away at its power over you, while gaining confidence to step in the ring again. You are taking your life back one endeavour at a time. A tenet of CBT (Cognitive Behavioural Therapy) is the importance of rewarding yourself for exposing yourself to your fears. You deserve the praise, and you will be more motivated to do it again if there are some self-high-fives or frozen yoghurts on the back end.</p><p><strong>Phone a Freud</strong></p><p>If anxiety disrupts your life or daily activities, make an appointment with your doctor or a mental health provider because you may need treatment to get better. Like a receding hairline, social anxiety happens gradually and initially without much notice. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for social anxiety. Self-medicating is not. Anxiety hates to dance. So get out there and dance.</p><p><em>Written by Jon Patrick Hatcher. This article first appeared in <a href="https://www.readersdigest.co.nz/healthsmart/conditions/mental-health/10-small-but-effective-ways-to-slay-social-anxiety" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Reader’s Digest</a>. For more of what you love from the world’s best-loved magazine, <a href="http://readersdigest.innovations.co.nz/c/readersdigestemailsubscribe?utm_source=over60&amp;utm_medium=articles&amp;utm_campaign=RDSUB&amp;keycode=WRA87V" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here’s our best subscription offer.</a></em></p><p><em>Image: Getty Images</em></p>

Body

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Reducing air travel by small amounts each year could level off the climate impact

<p>Just before the pandemic, aircraft engines were burning <a href="https://www.iata.org/en/iata-repository/pressroom/fact-sheets/industry-statistics/">one billion litres</a> of fuel a day. But then the number of daily civil aviation flights fell from <a href="https://www.iata.org/en/iata-repository/pressroom/fact-sheets/industry-statistics/">110,000</a> to less than 50,000 during 2020, on average. With the easing of travel restrictions, air traffic is increasing back towards its pre-pandemic peak.</p> <p>Most world leaders and delegates will have flown to Glasgow to attend COP26 – the 26th annual UN climate change summit – in person. But as they haggle over emissions targets to limit global warming to 1.5°C, and not <a href="https://theconversation.com/cop26-what-would-the-world-be-like-at-3-c-of-warming-and-how-would-it-be-different-from-1-5-c-171030">3°C or more</a>, aviation is unlikely to be included in them, given the lack of low-carbon alternatives to long-haul flights.</p> <p>But it should be. <a href="https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ac286e">In new research</a>, my colleagues and I calculated that if the aviation sector continues to grow on its present trajectory, its jet fuel consumption will have added 0.1˚C to global warming by 2050 – half of it to date, the other half in the next three decades.</p> <p>Aviation is responsible for 4% of the 1.2°C rise in the global mean temperature we have already experienced since the industrial revolution. Without action to reduce flights, the sector will account for 17% of the remaining 0.3°C left in the 1.5°C temperature target, and 6% of the 0.8°C left to stay within 2°C. Airlines effectively add more to global warming <a href="http://globalcarbonatlas.org/en/CO2-emissions">than most countries.</a></p> <h2>Warming footprints</h2> <p>At the current rate, the world will have warmed by 2°C <a href="https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_SPM_final.pdf">within three decades</a>. To quantify how different activities contribute to warming, scientists measure carbon emissions. This is because how much the Earth warms is proportional to cumulative carbon emissions in the atmosphere. This is a very good approximation in many cases, but it is inaccurate for emissions caused by aeroplanes travelling at altitudes of up to 12 kilometres.</p> <p>As well as CO₂, aircraft engines emit nitrogen oxides, water vapour, sulphur and soot, causing <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-04068-0">contrail cirrus clouds</a> and other complicated chemical reactions in the atmosphere. The sum of these so-called non-CO₂ effects adds more warming on top of the CO₂ emissions. So the total warming footprint of aviation is between two and three times higher than a conventional carbon footprint.</p> <p><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/430221/original/file-20211104-21-xa7pet.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt="An aeroplane's trail viewed from between two tall buildings" /> <span class="caption">Condensation trails produced by aircraft engines contribute to global warming.</span> <span class="attribution"><a href="https://pixabay.com/photos/architecture-skyscraper-skyline-3984725/" class="source">MichaelGaida/Pixabay</a>, <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" class="license">CC BY</a></span></p> <p>While a large share of a flight’s CO₂ emissions remain in the atmosphere for many thousands of years, the non-CO₂ effects diminish over time, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117834">vanishing within about ten years</a>. So any growth in aviation, measured in global jet fuel consumption, has an amplified impact as both CO₂ and non-CO₂ effects add up.</p> <p>But a decline in aviation can partly reverse some warming, as the non-CO₂ effects disappear over time until only the CO₂ effects remain. Think of the non-CO₂ effects like a bathtub – it fills up when the taps are turned further and further, despite a slow outflow down the plughole. But the same bathtub will eventually empty if the taps are gradually turned down.</p> <p>The non-CO₂ effects of flights on the atmosphere will slowly disappear if fewer and fewer flights are taken, so that aviation’s contribution to warming eventually levels off. In that situation, the increase from continued CO₂ emissions would balance the fall in non-CO₂ effects, and although aviation would still contribute to climate change, the total warming from both would remain constant over time. How much would aviation need to shrink to level off its influence on global warming?</p> <p>Our calculations show that flying does not need to stop immediately to prevent aviation’s contribution to global warming expanding. Flying has already caused 0.04°C of warming to date. But with a yearly decrease of 2.5% in jet fuel consumption, currently only achievable with cuts in air traffic, this warming will level off at a constant level over the coming decades.</p> <h2>When do we really need to fly?</h2> <p>COVID-19 had a huge impact on the aviation sector. Air traffic is still approximately 10-20% below pre-pandemic levels, but is <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac286e">rebounding quickly</a>. Politicians should shift subsidies from flying to more sustainable modes of transport, such as train journeys. And there is much more that can be done.</p> <p><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/430217/original/file-20211104-25-1v0sxdb.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt="An aeroplane parked at an airport" /> <span class="caption">Forced changes in flying habits due to the pandemic have led some to permanently cut back on flights.</span> <span class="attribution"><a href="https://pixabay.com/photos/airplane-aircraft-airport-travel-4885803/" class="source">Dmncwndrlch/Pixabay</a>, <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" class="license">CC BY</a></span></p> <p>Lockdowns and the shift to remote working made many people rethink the necessity of flying. People resolving to fly less can contribute considerably to reducing the number of unnecessary flights. Combining in-person and virtual attendance in hybrid meetings wherever possible is a great way to support that shift.</p> <p>Reducing the space that business classes take on aeroplanes is another way to cut the number of flights, as it allows more passengers to travel on one flight.</p> <p>Not allowing airport expansions could also have a big impact. The UK’s Climate Change Committee, an expert body which advises the UK government, has recommended <a href="https://www.theccc.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Sector-summary-Aviation.pdf">not expanding airports</a> to align the sector with climate targets. Yet the expansion of Heathrow airport is currently <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/explainers-51646562">planned to go ahead</a>.</p> <p>Sustainable aviation fuels, and hydrogen or electric planes, are being developed, but none of these technologies are currently available at the necessary scale. At the moment, there is little chance of the aviation industry meeting any climate targets if it aims for a return to its pre-pandemic rate of growth.</p> <p><span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/milan-klower-879339">Milan Klöwer</a>, Postdoctoral Researcher in Weather and Climate Modelling, <em><a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-oxford-1260">University of Oxford</a></em></span></p> <p>This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/reducing-air-travel-by-small-amounts-each-year-could-level-off-the-climate-impact-171184">original article</a>.</p> <p><em>Image: Free-Photos/Pixabay</em></p>

International Travel

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“That’s hot”: Aussie mum’s $500 investment becomes a $10 million business

<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Last year, Aussie brand Custom Neon received a voice message on Instagram from celebrity Paris Hilton, telling the signage brand she loved their products and would be keen to work with them.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">But, co-founder Jess Munday said nothing ever came of it.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">A year later, the star’s lavish four-day wedding included Kim Kardashian, Demi Lovato, Nicole Richie and custom items from the Geelong-based business.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“She asked us to create neon signs for her wedding and it was an awesome opportunity,” Ms Munday told </span><em><a rel="noopener" href="https://www.news.com.au/finance/small-business/geelongs-custom-neon-finds-fans-in-paris-hilton-and-elon-musk/news-story/808941847d2bd4f0355f3fbf8eec1668" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">news.com.au</span></a></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“She had her wedding over three or four days I think and day two was a carnival themed party and in the party it had one of our neon signs - the biggest one, which said, ‘That’s hot’.”</span></p> <blockquote style="background: #FFF; border: 0; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: 0 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.5),0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); margin: 1px; max-width: 540px; min-width: 326px; padding: 0; width: calc(100% - 2px);" class="instagram-media" data-instgrm-captioned="" data-instgrm-permalink="https://www.instagram.com/p/CWPq__GveP5/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" data-instgrm-version="14"> <div style="padding: 16px;"> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: row; align-items: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;"></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;"></div> </div> </div> <div style="padding: 19% 0;"></div> <div style="display: block; height: 50px; margin: 0 auto 12px; width: 50px;"></div> <div style="padding-top: 8px;"> <div style="color: #3897f0; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 550; line-height: 18px;">View this post on Instagram</div> </div> <p style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px; margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 8px 0 7px; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 17px; text-decoration: none;" rel="noopener" href="https://www.instagram.com/p/CWPq__GveP5/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" target="_blank">A post shared by Custom Neon® (@customneon)</a></p> </div> </blockquote> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">But the mum-of-two said it hasn’t been the brand’s only brush with celebrity fans.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Elon Musk, the billionaire founder of Tesla, posted a neon sign with the phrase ‘cyberviking’ on Twitter - a nod to cryptocurrency dogecoin that quickly went viral.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“That tweet went viral and we said that looks like one of our signs and we checked our records and it was created by us,” Ms Munday said. “He got it delivered to a place in California, which is very exciting.”</span></p> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet"> <p dir="ltr">How much is that Doge in the window? <a href="https://t.co/bxTkWOr50V">pic.twitter.com/bxTkWOr50V</a></p> — Elon Musk (@elonmusk) <a href="https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1395328697436033032?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">May 20, 2021</a></blockquote> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Initially, Ms Munday started Custom Neon as a side hustle with her husband in 2018, while the couple were expecting their first child.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“We were decorating my son’s nursery and my husband wanted to get a neon sign with the baby’s name and we looked around and couldn’t find one that was affordable and the process wasn’t easy to get a custom-made design,” she recalled.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“He had seen it on Pinterest and he thought it was cool that you could get your son’s name and at the time having a baby and revealing the name is a big deal, so there was excitement of the baby coming and wanting something cool for the nursery.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The couple then found a supplier to make the sign, as well as a few for their upcoming wedding. Soon, they were renting out their wedding signs via Instagram, and began fielding inquiries for custom pieces from up to 20 businesses and individuals each week.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Their $500 investment in their first few signs has since grown into a $10 million business in just three years, with Ms Munday saying the business is on track for a turnover of $18 million by the end of the 2021-22 financial year.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">She said Custom Neon has been a “whirlwind” journey and a far cry from her job in HR prior to taking maternity leave.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">During the last three years, the 32-year-old said there have been some interesting requests for signs, including people asking for pictures of themselves or their pet dogs as neon signs.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Their signs have also made appearances on </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">The Block</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">, as well as inside a range of restaurants, bars and other businesses around the world.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Though business from events dried up during the pandemic, Ms Munday said 70 percent of their orders now come from business signage, and that 60 percent of orders come from the US.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“It’s such a huge part now and such a large country so there is much opportunity for growth,” she added.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“We are planning to expand further into the US and set up our own manufacturing there in the next year. We also just secured an office in LA and have five people starting.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">With such rapid growth already, this small business looks like it will have a bright, neon-lit future.</span></p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Images: Jess Munday (Facebook) / @customneon (Instagram)</span></em></p>

Money & Banking

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Mum turns tidy profit selling kids’ homewares

<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">When Eleanor Cullen went on maternity leave before the birth of her first child, she was bombarded by kids’ homewares solely decorated with TV characters and Disney princesses.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The Melbourne designer decided to take matters into her own hands to make her own placemats for her newborn son, sinking $15,000 from the family’s savings into the venture.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">After putting the design up on </span><a rel="noopener" href="https://www.instagram.com/wemightbetiny/?hl=en" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Instagram</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> at the end of 2015, she said it “went crazy”.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The widely popular placemat has since led her to launch her own business called We Might Be Tiny, which now stocks more than 32 products featuring a bear, bunny and cat: a signature part of her brand.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“I love animals and cute things and it’s all from my childhood, so it's things I have loved as a child,” she told </span><em><a rel="noopener" href="https://www.news.com.au/finance/small-business/melbournes-we-might-be-tiny-rakes-in-4m-from-stylish-childrens-homewares/news-story/e78097f144a85356ff81f9dc45dd8e03" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">news.com.au</span></a></em><span style="font-weight: 400;">. “The products are then centered around the bear, bunny and cat theme and become iconic to the brand.”</span></p> <blockquote style="background: #FFF; border: 0; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: 0 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.5),0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); margin: 1px; max-width: 540px; min-width: 326px; padding: 0; width: calc(100% - 2px);" class="instagram-media" data-instgrm-captioned="" data-instgrm-permalink="https://www.instagram.com/p/CRYi0xCg9sF/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" data-instgrm-version="14"> <div style="padding: 16px;"> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: row; align-items: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;"></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;"></div> </div> </div> <div style="padding: 19% 0;"></div> <div style="display: block; height: 50px; margin: 0 auto 12px; width: 50px;"></div> <div style="padding-top: 8px;"> <div style="color: #3897f0; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 550; line-height: 18px;">View this post on Instagram</div> </div> <p style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px; margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 8px 0 7px; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 17px; text-decoration: none;" rel="noopener" href="https://www.instagram.com/p/CRYi0xCg9sF/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" target="_blank">A post shared by MINIMALIST TABLEWARE FOR KIDS (@wemightbetiny)</a></p> </div> </blockquote> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“I then designed some snack boxes in a similar shape to the bear, bunny and cat, divided plates that suction to the table, suctioned bowls, cutlery sets and moved into kitchenware. So there’s icy pole moulds and freezer moulds and I was working with silicone as it’s a great material for kitchenware as well.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Her bestselling products have been the suctioned plates, with 50,000 being sold for $29 to $32 since she launched the business.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The 42-year-old said her designs appeal to parents wanting a “minimalist” look. Her placemats have also been so popular among parents that she has even made adult versions.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“Rather than having characters like P J Masks or Disney princesses printed on tableware it’s a neutral palette and that kind of thing appeals to mums,” she said.</span></p> <blockquote style="background: #FFF; border: 0; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: 0 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.5),0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); margin: 1px; max-width: 540px; min-width: 326px; padding: 0; width: calc(100% - 2px);" class="instagram-media" data-instgrm-captioned="" data-instgrm-permalink="https://www.instagram.com/p/CRV4xoGJW6W/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" data-instgrm-version="14"> <div style="padding: 16px;"> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: row; align-items: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;"></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;"></div> </div> </div> <div style="padding: 19% 0;"></div> <div style="display: block; height: 50px; margin: 0 auto 12px; width: 50px;"></div> <div style="padding-top: 8px;"> <div style="color: #3897f0; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 550; line-height: 18px;">View this post on Instagram</div> </div> <p style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px; margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 8px 0 7px; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 17px; text-decoration: none;" rel="noopener" href="https://www.instagram.com/p/CRV4xoGJW6W/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" target="_blank">A post shared by MINIMALIST TABLEWARE FOR KIDS (@wemightbetiny)</a></p> </div> </blockquote> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Her side hustle has gone from making Ms Cullen $100,000 in her first year to nearly $4 million six years later.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“It was a hobby. I wanted to earn a bit more money and pay off our mortgage and what happened was I ended up selling out and making the money I invested back in one month,” she revealed.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“I haven’t had to reinvest our own money, I am just reinvesting the profits.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The mother-of-two has credited the pandemic for the boost in sales, as people started eating at home with their kids more.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">She also launched a new product in February called Stampies, which was around the time parents began looking for new ways to entertain their kids. The cookie stamp set features cute animal designs, and Ms Cullen says it can be used for baking or playing with playdough.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Since her business started, Ms Cullen has seen a huge growth in competitors offering similar silicone products.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">But, she says hers stand out since they are made from scratch, rather than being “stock standard products that are templated from a factory” with a competitor’s label stuck on the front.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Looking to the future, Ms Cullen said she is looking to start creating products for kid’s play.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“I’ve got a bath book and some bath toys made from the material silicone, which means it’s dishwasher safe and lends itself to bath toys being thrown into the dishwasher so they are not going to get mouldy,” she said.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">She added that sensory toys, such as teethers and textured toys, would also be rolled out by the end of the year.</span></p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Image: We Might Be Tiny (Facebook)</span></em></p>

Money & Banking

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First look at All Creatures Great and Small remake

<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The countryside drama </span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">All Creatures Great and Small</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> is returning for a second season, after the first season of the beloved BBC series was newly remade last year.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">With the new adaptation’s first season bringing in five million viewers, the second season is expected to be as much of a success.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Based loosely on a series of books written by veterinary surgeon Alf Wright, under the pen name James Herriot, the second season is expected to pick up right where season one ended.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">After Helen (played by Rachel Shenton) calls off her relationship with Hugh (played by Matthew Lewis) in season one, the second instalment is expected to start with Helen coming to terms with her decision and considers her feelings for James, who himself has to decide between duty and love.</span></p> <p><img style="width: 0px; height:0px;" src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/7843721/234789410_875048113117466_8158000647066268757_n.jpg" alt="" data-udi="umb://media/76f79034577b492c9117a018ff4329e5" /></p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Image: Channel 5 / Instagram</span></em></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“As Helen and James navigate their feelings for one another, Siegfried, Tristan, and Mrs Hall are also forced to consider the places in the world,” writes </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">Hello</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> magazine, “while James must ultimately decide between duty and love.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Like many shows filmed over the last two years, the creators of </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">All Creatures Great and Small</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> had to adapt their filming schedule around the COVID-19 pandemic.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">But, <em>The Daily Mail</em> has reported that production of the series started in early 2021, with filming wrapping up in Yorkshire a few months ago.</span></p> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet"> <p dir="ltr">One of our beautiful period motorcars, behind the scenes on <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/ACGAS?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#ACGAS</a> Series 2! <a href="https://t.co/XfYlABqApu">pic.twitter.com/XfYlABqApu</a></p> — All Creatures Great and Small (@AllCreaturesTV) <a href="https://twitter.com/AllCreaturesTV/status/1426868786045628419?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">August 15, 2021</a></blockquote> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">As for the cast, it remains the same from season one, with Nicholas Ralph returning as leading man James Herriot, along with Samuel West as Siegfried Farnon, and Rachel Shenton as Helen Alderson.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The only change is the addition of Patricia Hodge, star of </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">Miranda</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">A Very British Scandal</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">, playing Mrs Pumphrey, replacing Diana Rigg.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Rigg played Mrs Pumphrey throughout season one, but passed away from cancer in September last year.</span></p> <p><img style="width: 0px; height:0px;" src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/7843722/235835266_228981639134027_4669993659719690094_n.jpg" alt="" data-udi="umb://media/68307d53884f4caabd46c34ae0217d5d" /></p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">A first look at Hodge as Mrs Pumphrey in series two.</span></em></p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Image: Channel 5 / Instagram</span></em></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Though the remake comes 30 years after the original series ended, executive producer Colin Callender said it was something people needed to see once again.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“Even before COVID, I felt the audience wanted the sort of show that you could watch and revel in and not be beaten by,” he told </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">Deadline</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“There was something about </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">All Creatures Great and Small</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> with its themes of community and family, harking back to a kinder, gentler world, compared to the divided, complex, and rather brutal one that we’re now living in.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Watch the first trailer here.</span></p> <p> </p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Image: Channel 5 / Instagram</span></em></p>

TV

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Pamela Anderson marries bodyguard in small ceremony

<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Pamela Anderson has tied the knot once again.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The 53-year-old </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">Baywatch</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> actress married her bodyguard, Dan Hayhurst, in a private ceremony on Christmas Eve last year at her home in Vancouver Island.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“I was married on the property I bought from my grandparents 25 years ago, this is where my parents were married and they are still together,” Anderson told </span><a rel="noopener" href="https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-9176427/Pamela-Anderson-ties-knot-bodyguard-intimate-Christmas-Eve-ceremony.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The Daily Mail</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“I feel like I’ve come full circle.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“I’m exactly where I need to be - in the arms of a man who truly loves me.”</span></p> <blockquote style="background: #FFF; border: 0; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: 0 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.5),0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); margin: 1px; max-width: 540px; min-width: 326px; padding: 0; width: calc(100% - 2px);" class="instagram-media" data-instgrm-captioned="" data-instgrm-permalink="https://www.instagram.com/p/CKj5AQUpOUt/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" data-instgrm-version="13"> <div style="padding: 16px;"> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: row; align-items: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;"></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;"></div> </div> </div> <div style="padding: 19% 0;"></div> <div style="display: block; height: 50px; margin: 0 auto 12px; width: 50px;"></div> <div style="padding-top: 8px;"> <div style="color: #3897f0; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 550; line-height: 18px;">View this post on Instagram</div> </div> <p style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px; margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 8px 0 7px; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 17px; text-decoration: none;" rel="noopener" href="https://www.instagram.com/p/CKj5AQUpOUt/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" target="_blank">A post shared by RASTA Sanctuary (@rastasanctuary)</a></p> </div> </blockquote> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Anderson revealed she and Hayhurst were dating in September last year.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“He’s in his 40s. A real man, finally,” a source told </span><a rel="noopener" href="https://pagesix.com/2020/09/04/pamela-anderson-is-dating-her-bodyguard-after-divorce-from-jon-peters/" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Page Six</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> after the news came out. “He knows how to handle her. It’s very cool to see. She’s completely comfortable, and they’re never out of each other’s sight.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Anderson’s marriage to Hayhurst marks her fourth official marriage, after announcing she and Jon Peters would not be formally getting married in January of last year.</span></p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Image: Perfect Wedding Magazine / Instagram</span></em></p>

Relationships

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How the use of lasers and small satellites helps information get through space

<p>Satellites are becoming increasingly important in our lives, as they help us meet a demand for more data, exchanged at higher speeds. This is why we are exploring new ways of improving satellite communication.</p> <p>Satellite technology is used to navigate, forecast the weather, monitor Earth from space, receive TV signals from space, and connect to remote places through tools such as satellite phones and <a href="https://www.nbnco.com.au/learn/network-technology/sky-muster-explained">NBN’s Sky Muster satellites</a>.</p> <p>All these communications use radio waves. These are electromagnetic waves that propagate through space and, to a certain degree, through obstacles such as walls.</p> <p>Each communication system uses a frequency band allocated for it, and each band makes up part of the <a href="https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/science/toolbox/emspectrum1.html">electromagnetic spectrum</a> – which is the name given to the range of all types of electromagnetic radiation.</p> <p>But the electromagnetic spectrum we are able to use with current technology is a finite resource, and is now completely occupied. This means old services have to make room for new ones, or higher frequency bands have to be used.</p> <p>While this poses technological challenges, one promising way forward is optical communication.</p> <p><strong>Communication with lasers</strong></p> <p>Instead of using radio waves to carry the information, we can use light from lasers as the carrier. While technically still part of the electromagnetic spectrum, optical frequencies are significantly higher, which means we can use them to transfer data at higher speeds.</p> <p>However, one disadvantage is that a laser cannot propagate through walls, and can even be blocked by clouds. While this is problematic on Earth, and for communication between satellites and Earth, it’s no problem for communication between satellites.</p> <p>On Earth, optical communication via fibre optic cables connects continents and provides enormous data exchanges. This is the technology that allows <a href="https://www.vox.com/2015/4/30/11562024/too-embarrassed-to-ask-what-is-the-cloud-and-how-does-it-work">the cloud</a> to exist, and online services to be provided.</p> <p>Optical communication between satellites doesn’t use fibre optic cables, but involves light propagating through space. This is called “free space optical communication”, and can be used to not only deliver data from satellites to the ground, but also to connect satellites in space.</p> <p>In other words, free space optical communication will provide the same massive connectivity in space we already have on Earth.</p> <p>Some systems such as the <a href="https://artes.esa.int/edrs-global">European Data Relay System</a> are already operational, and others like SpaceX’s <a href="https://www.space.com/see-spacex-starlink-satellites-in-night-sky.html">Starlink</a> continue to be developed.</p> <p>But there are still many challenges to overcome, and we’re limited by current technology. My colleagues and I are working on making optical, as well as radio-frequency, data links even faster and more secure.</p> <p><strong>CubeSats</strong></p> <p>So far, a lot of effort has gone into the research and development of radio-frequency technology. This is how we know data rates are at their highest physical limit and can’t be further increased.</p> <p>While a single radio-frequency link can provide data rates of 10Gbps with large antennas, an optical link can achieve rates 10 to 100 times higher, using antennas that are 10 to 100 times smaller.</p> <p>These small antennas are in fact optical lenses, and their compact size allows them to be integrated into small satellites called CubeSats.</p> <p>CubeSats are not larger than a shoebox or toaster, but can employ high speed data links to other satellites or the ground.</p> <p>They are currently used for a wide range of tasks including earth observation, communications and scientific experiments in space. And while they’re not able to provide all services from space, they play an important role in current and future satellite systems.</p> <p>Another advantage of optical communication is increased security. The light from a laser forms a narrow beam, which has to be pointed from a sender to a receiver. Since this beam is very narrow, the communication doesn’t interfere with other receivers and it’s very hard, if not impossible, to eavesdrop on the communication. This makes optical systems more secure than radio electromagnetic systems.</p> <p>Optical communication can also be used for <a href="https://qt.eu/understand/underlying-principles/quantum-key-distribution-qkd/">Quantum Key Distribution</a>. This technology allows the absolute secure exchange of encryption keys for safe communications.</p> <p><strong>What can we expect from this?</strong></p> <p>While it’s exciting to develop systems for space, and to launch satellites, the real benefit of satellite systems is felt on Earth.</p> <p>High speed communication provided by optical data links will improve connectivity for all of us. Notably, remote areas which currently have relatively slow connections will experience better access to remote health and remote learning.</p> <p>Better data links will also let us deliver images and videos from space with less delay and higher resolution. This will improve the way we manage our resources, including <a href="https://www.ga.gov.au/scientific-topics/community-safety/flood/wofs">water</a>, agriculture and forestry.</p> <p>They will also <a href="https://www.ga.gov.au/scientific-topics/earth-obs/case-studies/mapping-bushfires">provide vital real-time information in disaster scenarios such as bushfires</a>. The potential applications of optical communication technology are vast.</p> <p><strong>Banding knowledge together</strong></p> <p>Working in optical satellite communication is challenging, as it combines many different fields and research areas including telecommunication, photonics and manufacturing.</p> <p>Currently, our technology is far from achieving what is theoretically possible, and there’s great room for improvement. This is why there’s a strong focus on collaboration.</p> <p>In Australia, there are two major programs facilitating this - the Australian Space Agency run by the federal government, and the <a href="https://smartsatcrc.com/">SmartSat Cooperative Research Centre</a> (CRC), also supported by the federal government.</p> <p>Through the SmartSat CRC program, my colleagues and I will spend the next seven years tackling a range of applied research problems in this area.<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/126344/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: http://theconversation.com/republishing-guidelines --></p> <p><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/gottfried-lechner-877898">Gottfried Lechner</a>, Associate Professor and Director of the Institute for Telecommunications Research, University of South Australia, <a href="http://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-south-australia-1180">University of South Australia</a></em></p> <p><em>This article is republished from <a href="http://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/were-using-lasers-and-toaster-sized-satellites-to-beam-information-faster-through-space-126344">original article</a>.</em></p>

Technology

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How to make the best of a small space

<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The smallest of changes can make the world of difference when decorating any confined spaces in your home. If you’ve recently downsized and discovered your smaller rooms have become a little too cluttered, fear not, there’s plenty you can do.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Small changes can make the rooms in your house appear larger and could allow for a tone of new space. Consider these subtle differences you can make without breaking the bank.</span></p> <p><strong>The difference furniture can make</strong></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">If you have a small study or room that you want to get the most out of, an important piece of furniture to consider is the couch. It will generally be the biggest item in the room therefore, once you get the right style and fit, you'll have a starting point for the rest of your lounge's design.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Floor Planner is a wonderful tool to plan out and utilise the space in your room. It can give you a digital look of your room to make it easy to plan for the space.</span></p> <p><strong>Mirror, mirror, on the wall</strong></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Apartment Therapy suggests that using mirrors within a confined space can do wonders to a room's atmosphere and feng shui. You can group small mirrors together or have large one that hangs half way down the wall. A floor length mirror which will create the illusion that the room if taller than it is. This is particularly beneficial if you have short ceilings. Mirrors will also reflect light around the room, and light can be so valuable in eliminating dark corners.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Word of warning, be careful what your mirror reflects. If it is a study with stacks of paperwork, it may make the room look cluttered and untidy. Simplicity in a small room is always best.</span></p> <p><strong>Shelving in small spaces</strong></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Shelving in small spaces can be tricky, but once you figure out the right shape and size, they can look elegant. One space that is often under-utilised is under the stairs. If there is a gap, try creating horizontal shelving across the bottom of the stairs. Utilise Spaces suggests the space can be used for storage or be a small library. Also placing hooks or shelves on the inside of cupboard doors can do wonders with limited space.</span></p> <p><strong>Hang TVs on the wall</strong></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">According to Harvey Norman, hanging a flat screen TV on the wall will cost anywhere between $187 to $300, depending on the size of the TV. This will create a vast amount of space considering you won't need a TV cabinet.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Whatever your challenge, there are always fresh ideas for changing your space before your space changes you.</span></p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Written by Stewart Bunn. Republished with permission of </span><a href="https://www.wyza.com.au/articles/property/how-to-make-the-best-of-a-small-space.aspx"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Wyza.com.au.</span></a></em></p>

Beauty & Style

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5 ways to protect your small business

<p>Taking calculated risks is an integral part of the entrepreneurial spirit that drives the small business community in Australia. Without risk there is no reward.</p> <p>At the same time, however, there are some risks that are not worth taking and that can threaten the survival of a small business. Some things are simply not worth leaving to chance and you need to shelter the business from potentially disastrous impacts.</p> <p>Here are 5 of the big ones that all small businesses should consider.</p> <p><strong>1. Protect the key factor that drives success]</strong></p> <p>Think of the most valuable asset a business has and invariably it will be a person. This will usually relate to a specific attribute that key person possesses, such as a unique skill, expert knowledge, sales flair, innovative aptitude or even just a pure capacity for hard work. However, the value that this person has can be a double-edged sword, because without that person the business may quickly fail.</p> <p>To protect against this risk, a smart business will take out insurance against a catastrophic event, such as premature death or a major illness or injury. This is commonly known as key person insurance. Insuring a key person will provide an instant capital resource to enable the business to take emergency actions, such as paying out debts, employing a specialised replacement or shoring up any drop in business income, while the business adjusts to the loss.</p> <p><strong>2. Protecting partnerships</strong></p> <p>Many businesses are successful because of the combined skill and resources of two or more partners who create the synergy that makes a business tick. If one of the partners suffers a major sickness or injury or sudden death, the other partners may want to continue the business, but they will need to deal with the missing partner’s share of the business, which will most likely pass into the hands of his or her spouse.</p> <p>The ideal solution here is to have insurance protection in place to fund a buy-out of the exiting partner’s share, so that their spouse and dependents are looked after and the remaining partners can focus on keeping the business going. A solicitor can draw up a document known as a buy-sell agreement to cover the mechanics of how this transfer of equity will occur and a financial planner can be consulted to put the necessary death, disablement and critical illness insurances in place to fund this agreement.</p> <p><strong>3. Ensuring you have a succession plan</strong></p> <p>Eventually there will come a time when you will want to transition from being a business owner and into a leisurely retirement. Many business owners simply never get around to facing up to this reality, but this leaves them exposed to a major risk of the business value not being realised when the time comes to leave.</p> <p>A business succession plan worked out with a qualified financial planner will seek to take care of this by dealing with such issues as:</p> <ul> <li>will the business ownership be passed on to family members and, if so, how will the owner be compensated?</li> <li>will the business be sold on the market and how can its value be maximised?</li> <li>what are the retirement funding goals for the business owner and what shortfall is there after the business sale is taken into account?</li> <li>how will such shortfalls be made up through superannuation and investment plans outside of the business?</li> </ul> <p>There is also the risk that business succession will be forced on the owner well before retirement if health conditions arise, so a contingency plan for this must also be built into the succession plan, to avoid a fire sale situation.</p> <p><strong>4. Protecting those who matter most</strong></p> <p>Regardless of the business survival plans, business owners must also consider how they actually insure their own worth to their family – particularly if there are dependent children involved and a high level of living expenses being maintained. Business owners don’t have the luxury of an employer to pay their sick leave, so an income protection plan is essential to guard against temporary sickness and injury.</p> <p>Lump sum cover should also be in place to give the family a capital resource in the event of premature death, total and permanent disablement and suffering a traumatic illness such as heart attack or cancer. A financial planner can make a personal risk assessment and recommend cover to protect the family against the financial impacts of these emergencies.</p> <p><strong>5. One other risk often overlooked</strong></p> <p>While income protection insurance will protect a business owner personally if sickness or injury occurs, there can be a blind spot back in the business that is left exposed. Regardless of whether the business continues to trade or not, there will be a range of fixed business expenses that will continue to be incurred, such as utilities, rent, leases and non-income producing staff.</p> <p>Expenses such as these can be protected by business expense insurance. This type of cover is not very well known, but provides a vital link in the protection chain by coming into play in tandem with the person’s income protection to help pay for those fixed business expenses. Cover usually extends for a period of up to 12 months of absence and this can make all the difference in ensuring there is a business to come back to once the owner returns to work.</p> <p>Talk to your financial planner if you want to take decisive action on protecting against all of these acute business risks.</p> <p><em>Republished with permission of <a href="https://www.wyza.com.au/articles/work/small-business/5-ways-to-protect-your-small-business.aspx">Wyza.com.au.</a></em></p>

Legal

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Engagement ring sparks fury: Too small or just right?

<p>For many years, there has been debate surrounding the importance of an engagement ring’s size and value. </p> <p>While some are adamant they would prefer to choose their own ring, others believe it doesn’t have as much importance as many would think.</p> <p>One bride-to-be took to social media to slam her fiance for proposing with a “tiny” engagement ring, and since then the post has gone viral. </p> <p>The anonymous woman shared a snap of the band online and asked if she was being “shady” and “materialistic” for not wanting to wear a ring with a “little a**” jewel. </p> <p>“We been together for eight years and talking about getting married for almost three,” the bride-to-be wrote. </p> <p>“This the ring he said he saved up to buy me. Am I being shady or materialistic if I tell this mf I don’t want this little a** ring? [sic].”</p> <p>The photo showed a delicate gold band with a small diamond attached. </p> <p><img style="width: 500px; height: 281.25px;" src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/7830112/jackie-o-home-8.jpg" alt="" data-udi="umb://media/9e33f73d409e48949349363abceaff68" /></p> <p>A screenshot of the post has since attracted thousands of comments and reactions, with mixed opinions. </p> <p>One user agreed with the woman’s stance, writing: “I’m not materialistic when it comes to things like this but if my man proposed with THAT I would be full on insulted.</p> <p>“He went out of his way to find the cheapest possible option; which to me says that he’s probably like that in every aspect of the relationship and will probably be like that in every aspect of their marriage.”</p> <p>Another added: “Honestly, I’m with her on this. You can get affordable rings that don’t look like they came out of the little dispenser machine next to the stickers and gumballs at Cici’s Pizza.</p> <p>“Even with a small budget he could have gotten something that won’t immediately snap if it gets snagged, and I wouldn’t trust that jewel setting to last more than a week with everyday wear.”</p> <p>However, a few came to the boyfriend’s defence and thought the woman was being harsh. </p> <p>“I’d much rather have just a plain band than the diamond chip,” one person argued. “Because what I care about is him wanting to spend his life with me, not a diamond.”</p> <p>“I kinda like her ring. It's very modern and sleek looking. I'd wear that in a heartbeat,” another added.</p> <p>The minimalist style ring has become an increasingly popular option for those looking for delicate additions to their wardrobe, albeit not for engagement rings. </p>

Caring

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A selfie-loving emu is quickly putting a small Queensland town on the map

<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">A town in the Queensland Hinterland in Australia is quickly finding itself on the map after news got out about a fun-run’s local mascot: Fluffy the emu.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Fluffy has been turning up every Saturday to keep fun-run joggers company as they run through Nambour.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The emu is even ready to help organisers set up before the sun rises.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“We don’t get big numbers normally, but since Fluffy has been around our numbers have been increasing,” Parkrun organiser Melissa Taylor told </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">7 News</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Organisers said that Fluffy has been boosting numbers as people are flying from around the nation to get a photo with the emu.</span></p> <p><iframe src="https://www.facebook.com/plugins/video.php?href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2F7NEWSAdelaide%2Fvideos%2F2455662484494154%2F&amp;show_text=0&amp;width=560" width="560" height="315" style="border: none; overflow: hidden;" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" allowtransparency="true" allowfullscreen="true"></iframe></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">However, event organisers were worried last month as Fluffy and emu buddy Muffy might be forcibly relocated from the Nambour site due to a complaint. The complaint that was lodged to Queensland’s Parks and Wildlife Services.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">QPWS spoke to </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">7 News</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and said that at the time, there is no intention to remove the animals. Rangers would be monitoring the emus closely.</span></p>

Domestic Travel

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7 reasons to go sailing on a small ship

<p>Small ship adventure cruising is the Goldilocks of nautical holidays. Smaller than a floating casino, but more spacious than a 40-foot schooner or catamaran.</p> <p>You’ve got your own room, your own bed, your own shower and ensuite, but there aren’t 17 decks to navigate every time you want to get a coffee. You can enjoy a breakfast buffet or an a la carte dinner, but it’s hardly the Bacchanalian food-fest you’ll find on the larger liners (that being said, the food is excellent – bring some forgiving pants). Basically, small ship cruising is for anyone who doesn’t feel at home on a large cruise liner, but can’t face the sometimes cramped quarters of a smaller yacht. A happy medium that’s better for travellers, and for the environment.</p> <p>Here are seven reasons to ditch the big cruise liners and try something a little more intimate.</p> <p><strong>1. See places the big ships can’t reach</strong></p> <p>This is the big one. Because smaller cruise ships and yachts don’t have casinos, gyms, theatres, swimming pools and all the rest, the focus is actually on the destination, not the boat (which is why you flew halfway around the world in the first place, right?) There’s more shore excursions, more dining in local restaurants or dancing in local bars, more time spent stretching your legs. And the beauty of small ship cruising is that you can do all of this on islands where the big liners never go.</p> <p>Every man and his dog crowds into the alleyways of Mykonos and Santorini, but how many get to see the charming town of Poros, or the island of Aegina? How many explore Kynthos and Poliegos, or stop off for a dip on some uninhabited island that Google’s never heard of? That’s the real advantage of a small ship cruise – you leave with memories of places, not just pools.</p> <p><strong>2. Get on and off as you please</strong></p> <p>A small practical difference that adds a lot to your itinerary. And it’s one you get to actually observe in real time. When you disembark on Mykonos, you can walk straight into town and, as you do, you can look out to see and watch the huge cruise liners parked a kilometre off shore, their decks already crammed with people queuing for the sea ferries and little boats to shuttle them to the island. If they forget their sunglasses, or feel like a quick afternoon nap, it’s a real hassle to get back on board. But not with small ship cruising.</p> <p>Each time you disembark you’re given a small card; just flash that card and you can walk up the gangplank and onto the ship. Come and go as you please. Do a little shopping on Syros, drop it off in your cabin, then hit the town again for a retsina and a plate of Cyclades olives. It’s a little luxury the big boats don’t get.</p> <p><strong>3. It’s better for the environment</strong></p> <p>Big cruise brochures always do a good job of promoting pristine environments and crystal clear waters, but the reality isn’t really so sunny. This year it’s estimated that 24 million people will cruise the world’s oceans on board 220 different liners. Each of these is usually powered by an enormous diesel engine (some as tall as three storeys), and emits dangerous levels of sulphur dioxide, not to mention the sewerage from about 3000 people each day.</p> <p>Now adventure cruising is not 100 per cent emission-free (but Peregrine offset 100 per cent), but it is far less damaging to the environment, and a greener alternative for those who are environmentally conscious.</p> <p><strong>4. Swimming off the boat</strong></p> <p>Many people will take diving into the clear waters of the Mediterranean over a crowded pool of chlorine any day. Small ships may not have on-board pools, but a shallow draft allows them to pull right into secluded bays on uninhabited islands where a cruise ship could never dream of sailing.</p> <p>When we were cruising in the Greek Islands, we sailed beneath the Temple of Poseidon on Cape Sounion, rounded a corner, and dropped anchor near a little beach. Everyone got changed and dived into the water (which was a balmy 23 degrees). The staff were on standby with kayaks, noodles, fresh towels and a warm shower to wash off the salt. We splashed around and watched the sun go down, then dried off and settled down at the back bar for a game of Uno. There wasn’t a single boat in sight. All we could hear was the wind and the sound of Adrianna the bar lady mixing drinks. Not a bad way to end the day.</p> <p><strong>5. Personalised service</strong></p> <p>Because adventure cruising is limited to around 50 people (the numbers differ with each boat, but on average you’ll probably be sailing with around 35 people) you actually get to know the staff. They become your friends, your family. For our cruise we had Joseph, our intrepid guide and leader (with a truly wicked sense of humour), Yannis the hotel manager who looked after the restaurant and our rooms, Adrianna behind the bar (who quickly became everyone’s favourite person) and a whole crew of waiters, deckhands, navigators, chefs and room service.</p> <p>The service is personal and attentive (there’s even a laundry on board) and we really felt pampered from start to finish. It’s a nice change from the anonymity of larger boats, where you may not see the same people from day to day, and the staff have no hope of remembering your name.</p> <p><strong>6. More space and comfort</strong></p> <p>Large cruise ships are run a little like airlines: it’s a volume game. The idea is to cram as many paying customers per square inch as possible. Sailing on a small ship though, you get the feeling the cabins were designed with real people in mind. Each one is roomy and light, with its own ensuite. There’s air-con if you get warm, a cupboard to hang your suits and a safe for valuables (just don’t lose the key). If you had to put a star rating on it, it’d be around 4-star.</p> <p>There are sacrifices that you make for being on a smaller ship – you can usually hear the engine running in the background, there are only a handful of communal areas, the corridors are narrow and the pitch of the boat can be severe in rough weather – but the advantages more than make up for it. It’s the difference between staying in a boutique B&amp;B and a big hotel chain.</p> <p><strong>7. Fresh local flavours</strong></p> <p>Eating on a big cruise ship is an almost industrial enterprise. The flavour doesn’t matter quite so much as the metric tonnage. For a buffet fiend, you’re certainly left with a feeling of tremendous value, but it’s a stretch to come home and say you tasted anything that could be described as ‘authentic’. Adventure cruising is a bit different. There are still buffets, but they’re prepared with care by a small team of local chefs who really know the region’s food. They’re made from market-fresh produce, and designed to reflect the traditional flavours of a destination. That means they change depending on the cruise.</p> <p>In Greece it might be char-grilled octopus with lemon, Cyclades olives and handmade dolmades (washed down with some ouzo that will clear your sinuses from now until eternity). In Spain? Perhaps fresh paella and crispy patatas bravas. There’s even a special themed night on each trip, where the chefs go all out and whip up a feast of fresh local fare. And the good food doesn’t end when you step off the gangplank.</p> <p>Because you’ve got your own local Cruise Director, it’s easy to get tips on the best market stalls to visit, the bars with the punchiest grappa, or (in my case) a little taverna in a shady alley on Syros, overhung with blushing bougainvilleas.</p> <p>Written by <strong>Peregrine Adventures. </strong>Republished with permission of <a href="https://www.wyza.com.au/articles/travel/7-reasons-to-go-sailing-on-a-small-ship.aspx">Wyza.com.au.</a></p>

Cruising